### Membrane Potential Changes in NeuronsIn this experiment, a new drug is applied to a different batch of neurons to observe the resultant membrane potential changes in the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.#### Observation- **Presynaptic Neuron:** An action potential is recorded.- **Postsynaptic Neuron:** A change in membrane potential from -70mV to -90mV is noted.#### Question:**Your drug most likely allowed which ion into the postsynaptic neuron?**- Chloride- GABA- Glutamate- Potassium#### AnalysisThe change in the postsynaptic neuron's membrane potential from -70mV to -90mV indicates hyperpolarization. This implies an influx of negatively charged ions into the neuron or an efflux of positively charged ions.Click the option that you think correctly answers the question:(Note: Use this information to understand how neurotransmitter drugs can affect neuronal communication.)This is useful for understanding how drugs can influence neuronal function and the specific roles of various ions in neuronal signaling.

Permeability barrier and semi permeability of cell membrane are both maintained by lipids. only…

Answered: You apply a new drug to a different…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Choose two false statements and explain why? Toxin causes voltage-gated sodium channels to open at a lower voltage toxin slows down the inactivation of sodium channels toxin causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open toxin causes voltage-gated potassium channels to open faster
Place the following events in chronological order from 1-8: Nat enters the cell, and depolarization occurs to approximately +30 mV. The voltage across the cell membrane is -70 mV, the resting membrane potential. Upon reaching the peak of the action potential, the VG Nat channels are inactivated by the closing of their inactivation gate and the activation gate of each VG K channel opens. VG K channels close by the closing of their activation gate, and the resting membrane potential is gradually restored. An excitatory post-synaptic potential depolarizes the membrane to threshold and the activation gate of VG Nat channels open. Upon returning to the resting membrane potential, VG Na channels are reset by opening of the inactivation gate and the closing of the activation gate. VG K+ channels are slow to close, resulting in an excess of K* efflux and hyperpolarization. Depolarization occurs as K+ flows out of the cell.
The endogenous ligand for an ion channel causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second. This ion channel has constitutive activity of 10 Na+ ions per second. If drug A binds to the ion channel and causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second, which of the following categories best describes drug A? Group of answer choices full agonist antagonist partial agonist inverse agonist
Which ligand-gated channel directly allows for the passage of both sodium and potassium across the cell membrane when the proper ligand is bound to it? Group of answer choices Voltage-gated sodium channel Na+/K+ ATPase nicotinic acetylcholine receptor muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 answer
If you are trying to study the presynaptic activity of a neurotransmitter using outside out patch clamp, would you add the neurotransmitter into the solution bath that the setup is placed into or would the neurotransmitter be added through the micropipette of the patch clamp?
The patient's muscle weakness, dizziness, and nausea are all due to hypokalemia. How does hypokalemia lead to muscle weakness? O hypokalemia leads to hypopolarization which results in fewer action potentials arriving at skeletal muscles O hypokalemia leads to hyperpolarization which results in fewer action potentials arriving at skeletal muscles O hypokalemia leads to hypopolarization which leads to too many action potentials arriving at skeletal muscles O hypokalemia leads to hyperpolarization which results in too many action potentials arriving at skeletal muscles
You apply a drug to a batch of neurons and record membrane potential changes in the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. You record an action potential in the presynaptic neuron and a change from -70mV to -55mV in the postsynaptic neuron. Your drug most likely allowed which ion into the postsynaptic neuron? Sodium (Na+) Glutamate Potassium (K+) GABA Chloride (Cl-)
Below is a figure from a 2015 paper that characterizes the effect of venom from the spider Selenocosmia hainana on voltage-gated sodium channels. According to the I-V curve (current-voltage curve) in Figure panel B, what is the effect of the venom on voltage-gated sodium channels? Current is on the y-axis and voltage is on the x-axis during an action potential. The figure legend denotes the concentration of the venom being applied. A C rHNTX-IV (10 μM) -rHNTX-IV (100 nM) Control Control 5 nA 10 ms r 5 nA 10 ms rHNTX- IV (10 μM) B D -80 -80 -60 -60 A -40 -40 V (mv) -20 V(mv) -20 be TOLF 2-6 I (NA) -8 ON -12 10 -12 -14 -8 -10 (NA) Control 100 nM — 10 μΜ 40 -Control -- 10 μM 40

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