Which of the following situations correctly illustrates the all-or-none principle? Select one: a. A smaller voltage change will result in a smaller nerve impulse. b. A stronger impulse can be generated by increasing the number of open voltage-gated sodium channels during depolarization. c. A greater voltage change and a smaller voltage change will result in the same action potential as long as the threshold potential has been reached. d. A faster impulse can be generated with a voltage change that is greater than the threshold potential.

Q: In the figure to the left, name the 4 phases of the action potential (Note: you have to write in…

A: Hello! Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you…

Q: What are the neurotransmitters  that bind to ionotropic channels and allow for cation influx? Select…

A: The signalling process cannot operate without chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. They are…

Q: Put the following in the correct order. A. Neurotransmitter release B. Ca2+ entry into the…

A: Nerve cells called neurons are responsible for sending instructions throughout your body to perform…

Q: Draw a typical action potential (correctly label axis) and explain in words the roles of ion…

A: An action potential (AP) occurs when the membrane potential of a particular cell position rises…

Q: After discussing his case with his physician, he learned that he had probably been the victim of…

A: Disclaimer: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first 3…

Q: Which of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action…

A: The relative refractory period is that the interval of your time throughout that a second action…

Q: Which of the following primarily reflects the opening of voltage-gated Na* channels? A. The resting…

A: Voltage-gated Na+ channels are gated, meaning that they can be opened or closed in response to…

Q: What effect could the venom have on a voltage-gated potassium channel to produce this result

A: Scorpion is venomous reptile which is found all around the globe with different species but black…

Q: Please answer  3) Which of the following keeps the impulse traveling in one direction down the…

A: The nerve impulse helps in performing the motor and sensory functions of the body. The nerve cells…

Q: Voltage-gated Na+ channels are.... (select all that apply).  Group of answer choices: A. Opened by…

A: The channels are basically membrane proteins that act as transport protein through which various…

Q: Sodium, chloride, and potassium ions are involved in setting up voltages across neuronal membranes.…

A: The voltage difference between an intracellular space and the extracellular space is known as a…

Q: toxin creates pores that are permeable to Ca2+. Describe its immediate effect on the resting…

A: Action potential the action potential is defined as the rapid rise and fall in the membrane…

Q: This graph shows the relative voltage of a neuron's cytoplasm near the plasma membrane relative to…

A: * There are three stages in membrane potential  Depolarization  Repolarization Hyperpolarisation…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.)…

A: Action potentials activate neural circuits, which can either promote or inhibit particular bodily…

Q: Graph an action potential, showing the change inelectrical potential on the y-axis and time on the…

A: Neurons communicate with each other and with the controlled organs by passing an electric current…

Q: Local anesthetic is often used in dentistry to lessen the sensation of pain during dental…

A: When membrane is in resting condition, it is only permeable to potassium ions and nearly impermeable…

Q: of the stages of an action potential, including a description of and explanation for the refractory…

A: The normal resting membrane potential is about -70 mv. The electric signals produced by the neuronal…

Q: The figure below may help in answering some of the questions. 1. What ions are flowing (and in which…

A: The neurons are the cells of nervous system that is responsible for generation and transmission of…

Q: In Japan, the consumption of “Fugu” (a kind of sashimi sushi) is considered to be a “manly” act. The…

A: Fugu is a type of pufferfish that is considered a delicacy in Japan. It is typically served as…

Q: Action potential conduction velocity is more rapid in a myelinated axon than an unmyelinated one…

A: The myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers are the two types of nerve fibers.  Myelin is a fatty…

Q: Relatively high velocity (speed) action potential propagation is a feature of axons that have which…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: In the introduction section the authors wrote “In general, the polarity-dependent mechanisms are…

A: Anodal stimulation is a type of electrical stimulation that involves passing a positive electric…

Q: Jose measures membrane potential in two neighboring cells. He notices that when the membrane…

A: Membrane potential It refers to the difference in electric potential between the interior and the…

Q: What membrane protein of the neuron is responsible for briefly increasing the Na+ permeability of…

A: Ans:- the option is (c)-the voltage gated sodium chennel.

Q: The two primary factors that influence the speed of an action potential propagation are axon…

A: The nervous system is an exceptionally complex piece of a creature that arranges its activities and…

Q: In an experiment, the extracellular [Na+] surrounding a nerve cell was reduced from 145 to 45 mM.…

A: In the presence and absence of an impulse, the nerve cells exist in two states known as action…

Q: Imagine that you are a scientist testing the action potential conduction rates in two different…

A: The neuron is the electrically excitable cells in the nervous system. Nerve fiber or axon is a…

Q: Temporal summation of excitatory inputs onto a neuron (we will refer to that neuron as Neuron A)…

A: Temporal summation is a process by which the postsynaptic potential of a neuron is integrated…

Q: At which point in the graph do voltage-gated potassium channels open? (Base your answer to this…

A: The action potential refers to the sudden changes in the resting membrane potential of the neuron…

Q: Using cable theory to describe axon conduction would tell us a. the larger the diameter of the axon…

A: In an ion cascades, action potentials move along neuronal axons. Transmembrane pathways near the…

Q: When a neuron reaches threshold voltage, all voltage-gated channels are triggered to make…

A: Neurons are specialized cells that transmit information in the nervous system. When a neuron…

Q: factors responsible for a negative resting membrane potential include: check all that apply:   a.…

A: We can say that The negative resting membrane potential of a cell is the membrane potential that is…

Q: There is a type of toxin found in the liver of the puffer fish that prevents the opening of…

A: Introduction  The neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX) is highly toxic. Its name is derived from the group…

Q: Based upon the changes in permeability seen in the trace below and your knowledge of ion…

A: This is the graph which shows how a stimulus can arouse an action potential from a resting membrane…

Q: On the graph above, when do the sodium ion channels close? Select one: a. between 0.2 ms and 0.5 ms,…

A: When the stimulus is provided, the Sodium ion VGIC's (Voltage-gated ion channel) move from resting…

Q: A. There is a lower resistance in the lower panel at the point where voltage is measured. B. There…

A: To identify: To identify the correct difference between the middle panel and the lower panel from…

Q: Which of the following events correctly ranks steps in an action potential? 1. Voltage-gated sodium…

A: Electrical signals are how neurons communicate. Electrical signals are generated when there is a…

Q: List the membrane potential value that would coincide with the following events: a. Resting…

A: The neurons have the tendency to transmit the physical stimulus in the form of an electrical…

Q: Which of the following allows the cell to recover from hyperpolarization during an action potential?…

A: The transmission of signals across the different regions of the body occurs in the form of…

Q: Which one of the following statements about gap junctions or electrical synapses is incorrect? A.…

A: Electrical coupling is the transfer of coordinated action potentials from one cell to the next via…

Q: Place the following events in chronological order from 1-8: Nat enters the cell, and depolarization…

A: Neurons have the capability of generating and transmitting nerve impulses by transporting specific…

Q: What type of synaptic potential (if any; be sure to indicate if any modification is occurring as…

A: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of medication used to treat depression. Resting…

Q: Consider the following three diagrams of a nerve cell membrane. They show resting potential,…

A: Cells are in resting membrane potential due to the differential ion concentrations inside and…

Q: Which of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials?

A: Generation of Action potential occurs in the axon. The action potential is generated due to opening…

Q: Refer to the graph showing the course of an action potential. Which of the numbered points along the…

A: As the membrane potential is increased, sodium ion channels open, allowing the entry of sodium ions…

Q: The made-up drug leakyhose degrades myelin resulting in myelin becoming more porous and therefore a…

A: The longest cell in the human body is called the neuron or nerve cell. This cell transmits the…

Q: Match each type of membrane potential (resting, threshold, graded, or action) to its definition: a)…

A: Membrane potential is defined as the difference in electric potential between the interior and…