XX individuals can be sex-reversed males if one of their X chromosomes contains a translocated portion of the Y chromosome that includes the SRY gene. In light of what you now know about X-chromosome inactivation, it seems that this karyotype might have more complex consequences. In fact, although most such males are completely sex-reversed, X-chromosome inactivation can cause some of these XX males to have varying degrees of residual female characteristics. a. X-chromosome inactivation in normal XX embryos occurs earlier in development than SRY production in normal XY embryos. When present on a translocation X chromosome, SRY is subject to inactivation. Formulate a hypothesis to explain why many XX individuals with a translocation X chromosome that includes the SRY gene are not completely sex-reversed (male). b. Based on your answer to part (a), why do you think some individuals with this karyotype are completely sex-reversed?

Q: For the following chromosome complements, what is the phenotypic sex of a person who has Q. XXYY…

A: The male-determining gene in humans is termed as the sex determining region Y (SRY) gene. Generally…

Q: In humans, chromosome 16 sometimes has a heavily stained area near the centromere. This feature can…

A: So, non disjunction of the chromosomes occurs in the condition when the homologous chromosomes fail…

Q: Describe the process of X-chromosome inactivation in mammals

A: X-chromosome inactivation, also known as lyonization, is a process by which one of the copies of the…

Q: Define the Random Monoallelic Expression: Inactivation of the X Chromosome ?

A: They were discovered in 1876. These are the tertiary structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)…

Q: A. Give 7 genes located on X chromosomes and provide 2 protein products of each gene. B. Give 4…

A: Question: A. Give 7 genes located on the X chromosome and provide 2 protein products of each gene.…

Q: With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes, explain whydosage compensation is necessary

A: Epigenetic inheritance is one of the examples of non-Mendelian inheritance pattern. It is an…

Q: In dosage compensation, do males sometimes overcompensate or is it always Barr body X-chromosome…

A: Dosage compensation is the process by which the organisms equalizes their genetic expression between…

Q: Why is the development of individuals with Klinefelter's and Turner's syndromes relatively normal,…

A: This syndrome occur due to presence of an additional copy of X chromosomes resulting into karyotype…

Q: C29. A female with an abnormally long chromosome 13 (and a normal homolog of chromosome 13) has…

A: Egg cells: A female with a long chromosome 13 can produce two types of egg cells:50%: Normal egg…

Q: Explain why genetic disorders caused by recessive alleles of X-linked genes appear more frequently…

A: In humans and other mammals, biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes: XY in males…

Q: In humans, hemophilia is an X-linked recessive gene and will only be expressed in females if  they…

A: Hemophilia is a X linked recessive disorder so which is inherited in homozygous condition. In rare…

Q: Why is an X chromosome needed for survival?

A: The sex chromosomes or allosomes are X and Y chromosomes which determine the biological sex of an…

Q: The Klinefelter syndrome (disomy of the X chromosome in males) is a genetic disease caused by…

A: The normal humans contain 46 chromosomes. Between these 46 chromosomes, 44 are autosomes and 2 are…

Q: 48. Which of the following is the correct mechanism of equalizing X-encoded gene products in humans?…

A: As per our policy we are answering the first question only.  For the rest of the question kindly…

Q: Following X-chromosome inactivation, most of the genes on theinactivated X chromosome are silenced.…

A: Females have two copies of the X chromosome, producing a double dose of X-linked genes. The…

Q: 10. A. In each human female cell, either the maternal or paternal X chromosomes is turned off by the…

A: The process by which the expression of genes on the X and Y chromosomes is balanced in male mammals,…

Q: In marsupials like the opposum or kangaroo, X inactivation selectively inactivates the paternal X…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first three. Please resubmit the question…

Q: The body cells of chickens have 78 chromosomes in their nuclei. (i) State the number of chromosomes…

A: The indirect process of cell division in which the chromosomes of parent cells divide once, but…

Q: What is the spreading phase of X-chromosome inactivation? Whydo you think it is called a spreading…

A: Heterochromatization of one X chromosome begins in the late blastocyst stage of the embryonic life.…

Q: Create a box-and-arrow model that describes: a. how information in the AMH gene results in the…

A: Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes of which 22 pairs are autosomal and the 23rd pair is sex-linked.…

Q: Discuss the similarities and differences between X-chromosomeinactivation and genomic imprinting

A: X inactivation refers to the inactivation of all of the genes in one X chromosome in all the somatic…

Q: Color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait. An XX female can be colorblind in one eye due to…

A: X chromosome inactivatiom is a random process. Either of the X chromosome is inactivated in human in…

Q: B. A woman is a carrier of a Robertsonian translocation between chromosomes 18 and 21.      (i) Her…

A: The question is about a woman who has a rearrangement of her chromosomes 18 and 21 called…

Q: Please answer question (a) (b) and (e)

A: Crossing over increases variations.

Q: ow will this mutation affect the process of X inactivation? A. "X inactivation will still be random…

A: E. "The normal X chromosome (no mutation in Xist) will always be inactivated" is correct option

Q: Outline the process of X-chromosome inactivation.

A: The X-chromosome contains approximately 1000 genes, which are necessary for the proper development…

Q: Why is it that so many of the sex-linked traits we talk about in humans are carried on X chromosomes…

A: Traits can be dominant, recessive, sex linked recessive or sex linked dominant. Dominance is the…

Q: Discuss the types of experimental observations that Mary Lyonbrought together in proposing her…

A: A sex chromosome also termed as allosomes are involved in the determination of sex in individuals.…

Q: A. Deletion of the SOX9 gene leads to sex reversal resulting in a person with karyotype 46XY being…

A: Males more prone to genetic disorders: X-linked recessive diseases most often occur in males. Males…

Q: The duck billed platypus is an unusual mammal. If you examine the sex chromosomes of a female…

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Q: Determine the patterns of inheritance of the following X-linked dominant cases by giving the results…

A: X Linked dominant inheritance means the genes present in X chromosomes, if the gene has dominant…

Q: “carrier

A: X-linked inheritance means that the gene causing the trait or the disorder is located on the X…

Q: Hemophilia in humans is due to an X-chromosome mutation. What will be the result of mating a…

A: Introduction  Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood's ability to clot normally.…

Q: Which is a FALSE statement about X inactivation in mammalian females? O Females that are…

A: X-chromosome inactivation is the transcriptional silencing of one X chromosome in female mammalian…

Q: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused bya recessive mutant allele of an X-linked gene…

A: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive form of muscular dystrophy that results in muscle…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.