Which of the following is TRUE when one assay bacteriophage titers? You should:   a) first mix the phages with a live bacterial culture and then pour the mixture on the agar plate   b) directly add the phage dilution onto the surface of an agar plate   c) add tryptic soy broth to the phage dilution and incubate overnight   d) incubate a phage solution with live bacterial cells for several minutes. You must add soft agar to the mixture before pouring the content on the agar plate

Q: The following three questions are related to this patient scenario: A 65-year-old male HIV patient…

A: The intravenous antibiotics are used to treat severe kinds of bacterial infections. A most common…

Q: Is it important to have fewer phages than bacterial host cells when doing a quantitative plaque…

A: A virus is an infective agent, which is sub-microscopic in nature. It has the capability of…

Q: In performing an agar overlay for E. coli bacteriophage isolation, formation of ____________…

A: The agar overlay is a common tool in the culture-based research of bacterial viruses…

Q: What is an example of an experimental approach for determining whether a beef burger contains a food…

A: Beef burgers served rare or undercooked may contain harmful bacteria that could cause food…

Q: What method is used by bacteriophages to release from the infected host cell? O 1) budding O 2)…

A: Answer is option 4.)lysis.

Q: Why do critical instruments need to be sterile, whereas semicritical instruments need only be free…

A: Laboratory instrument is defined as a general term used for all kinds and types of instruments,…

Q: Bacteriophage entry into a host cell involves: a) Endocytosis b) Membrane fusion c) Direct injection…

A: A bacteriophage, commonly referred to as a phage, is a type of virus that specifically infects…

Q: Which statement(s) indicates one or more benefits of electroporation? A.) Possibility of…

A: Electroporation The method of making hybrid DNA in cells.

Q: Using phages that came from E. coli with the genotype al+ be+, you infect a strain ofE. coli that is…

A: Auxotrophs are the term used for the organism or bacteria that cannot express a gene due to mutation…

Q: Indicate whether each statement applies to the lytic or lysogenic cycle of phage A, or to both. 1.…

A: The cyclic reproduction mechanism, by which virulent bacteriophage produces progeny virus by…

Q: In a plaque assay, a phage has undergone _________ cycle when plaques are observed on the agar lawn…

A: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that requires a living host cell to grow and multiply.…

Q: Explain why only a virulent virus (like T4 phage), rather than a temperate virus, can be used in our…

A: If a virulent phage infects its host, it will produce more progeny as soon as phage DNA is injected…

Q: How are bacteria-free phage particles obtained?

A: In the Transduction mechanism, the gene transfer from one bacteria to another occurs through a…

Q: 1) What are all of the different colony types that can be seen on a mixed-culture streak plate?  2)…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions, I am answering only the first…

Q: Why is it important to kill all the bacteria in the raw sewage during phage isolation?

A: Bacteriophage for a specific bacterium can be isolated from any environment where that bacterium is…

Q: How will you prevent the occurrence of the bacteria present in the Rapid Strep A Test?

A: Answer:  Rapid Strep A Test (Rapid strep test) is a test used to identify the presence of Strep A…

Q: Why is the ELISA test used to screen human serum for the AIDSvirus, while the Western blot procedure…

A: Answer: Introduction: The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are the type of a subgroup of…

Q: Define the concept superinfection. Give an example.

A: Antimicrobial medications are chemical compounds that either naturally or artificially inhibit or…

Q: S. aureus is gram positive. What differences in strains might account for differences in phage…

A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…

Q: The ________ clones are developed by nuclear transfer into the host cell.a) Artificial b) Natural c)…

A: Cloning is a genetically manipulating procedure that results in a genetically identical cell or…

Q: what is the explanation for bacteriophage specificity when it comes to infecting specific bacterium

A: A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria and archaea and replicates within them. They are…

Q: What is the specific mode of action and the target organisms of each of the three antibiotics used…

A: Antibiotics can be defined as a chemical substance, released by the microbes and they are harmful or…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a feature of genetic reassortment? A)  a host cell is coinfected with…

A: Genetic reassortment is the changes in the genome of the virus that affect the host. This helps in…

Q: 1) What is NDM-1? How can NDM-1 spread to different types of bacteria? 2) Why are Gram negative…

A: Antibiotic resistance is provided by beta-lactamase, which breaks the structure of antibiotics. A…

Q: A Hfr bacterium mates with an F- plasmid containing bacterium. What will be the type of bacteria…

A: High-frequency recombination (Hfr) cell is a bacterium that carries a conjugative plasmid ( F…

Q: Which of the following is a consideration in treating bacterial infections  A) Bacteriostatic b)…

A: Drugs used to treat these infections are called antimicrobials. The most commonly known…

Q: 10) If the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus experiences a cost for maintaining one or more…

A: Staphylococcus aureus becomes drug-resistant. Genetic mutation is the process that decreases…

Q: Suppose your professor handed you a test tube with 2.0 mL of M. foliorum infected with bacteriophage…

A:

Q: As part of your job in an international pharmaceutical company you are given the task of: a)…

A: Vitamin C ( L-ascorbate) is one of the biomolecules which many animals can biosynthesize, but not…

Q: The major issue associated with the use of live, attenuated virus for vaccines is _____. A)…

A: ANSWER) The use of live attenuated virus for vaccines is not recommended as the attenuated virus can…

Q: Host DNA is digested into small pieces, which are occasionally assembled with phage proteins,…

A: Co transduction frequency is defined as the term that is used to explain the phenomenon that two…

Q: Why would you use one single colony for both streaks on a plate and inoculate a culture for plasmid…

A: Introduction Plasmids are important for the transformation of bacteria. They are used as vectors and…

Q: The antibiotic susceptibility testing results of Staphylococcus showed zones of inhibition (absence…

A: Staphylococcus aureus is a round-shaped gram-positive bacterium, generally found on the skin and…

Q: Which of the following experimental techniques was used by Hershey and Chase to establish the…

A: Answer : option 3) Isotope labelling is correct.

Q: The induced clones are developed by ________ into the host cell.a) Nuclear transfer b) Gene transfer…

A: Introduction: Cloning is a process by which genetically identical cells can be produced either…

Q: Which of the following is not associated with gene therapy SCID patients A) utilizes an enzyme to…

A: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID): it is an inherited primary immunodeficiency disease (PIDD)…

Q: Molecular based methods for viral detection use proteins as the analyte. True? False?

A: There are different molecular-based methods for the detection and analysis of virus elements. The…

Q: From what other environments might E. coli bacteriophages be readily isolated?

A: Some of the prokaryotes, especially bacteria are infected with the viruses. These viruses are known…

Q: 10) With the disk test, what specifically are you looking for to know if a bacteria is susceptible…

A: The disk test is done to find which bacteria is susceptible to which antibiotic. This test is also…

Q: The mechanism of specialized transduction relies on the improper excision of a bacteriophage genome…

A: Gene transfer is the method of inserting genetic material (DNA or a gene of interest) into cells…

Q: Determine the type of diagnostic method best suited for determining whether the bacterium had caused…

A: The phenotypic approaches involve identifying bacteria by taking into account their behaviour and…

Q: 22) Which of the techniques/characteristics below may be used to identify a target bacterium in a…

A: We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new question…

Q: Does the addition of E. coli change the dilution in the calculation of PFU/mL in the original phage…

A: Plaque refers to the clear or visible zone formed by the viral sample when it is introduced to the…

Q: A phage-infected bacterial culture was subjected to a series ofdilutions, and a plaque assay was…

A: Plaque assay is a method for the determination of the presence and number of bacteriophages.…

Microbial Growth

The development of microbial growth is influenced by various natural conditions (both physical and synthetic) like pH, temperature, saltiness, gas focus (O2, CO2, and H2), nutrients, water action, and assimilation. Knowing the distinctive physical and chemical factors that influence the development and endurance of microbial growth in the climate will assist with reinforcing endeavors outfitted towards their control. These lines lessen or diminish their harmful impacts on humankind, creatures, and the climate.