Which of the following is a primary function of the active site of an enzyme? a. It binds allosteric regulators of the enzyme. b. It binds noncompetitive inhibitors of the enzyme. c. It catalyzes the reaction associated with the enzyme. d. It is activated by the presence of the end product of the metabolic pathway in which the enzyme is involved.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
Which of the following is a primary function of the active site of an enzyme?
It binds allosteric regulators of the enzyme.
It binds noncompetitive inhibitors of the enzyme.
It catalyzes the reaction associated with the enzyme.
It is activated by the presence of the end product of the
Question 2
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Which of the following statement about the mass spectrometry is true?
Large amount of protein sample is needed for mass spectrum, and thus it is very expensive.
It is a powerful method to determine the 3-dimensional structure of proteins.
It can be sued for protein location in a living cell.
It can be used to measure the molecular weight of proteins.
It can be used to determine the stability of a protein structure in solution.
Question 3
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The alpha-helix is formed mainly by
hydrophilic interaction
hydrophobic interaction
disulfide bonding
side chain-side chain interaction
hydrogen bonding
Question 4
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Chymotrypsin belongs to which group of the following enzymes?
Ligases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases
Isomerases
Question 5
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Which property is NOT true concerning enzymes and chemical catalysts?
Both enzymes and chemical catalysts can increase the
Enzymes can act in milder conditions, but chemical catalysts normally cannot.
Both enzymes and chemical catalysts can be recovered unchanged at the end of the reaction.
Enzymes can be regulated, and normally chemical catalysts cannot.
Both enzymes and chemical catalysts can increase the rate of
Question 6
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Which of the following is NOT a catalytic strategy used by chymotrypsin?
Formation of covalent intermediate
Acid-base catalysis
Bringing two substrates together
Use of metal ion
Question 7
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In the alpha-helices, which of the following statement is true?
Backbone NH of residue (i) hydrogen bonds to backbone carbonyl oxygen of the fourth residue of chain of residue (i + 4).
The pitch or advance per turn is 0.15 nm.
The rise or advance per amino acid residue is 0.54 nm.
Side chains point inward from an α-helix, i.e. buried inside.
Hydrogen bonds are almost perpendicular to the helix axis.
Question 8
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Which of the following technique can be used to determine the protein 3-dimensional structure?
X-ray crystallography
confocal microscopy of a green fluorescent protein in a living cell
SDS-PAGE
Mass Spectrometry
Peptide mass fingerprinting
Question 9
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Which of the following residues CAN be glycosylated?
Gln
Cys
Ser
Pro
Ala
Question 10
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An inhibitor binds enzyme or ES complex other than at the catalytic site, and substrate binding is unaltered, but ESI complex cannot form products. What type of inhibitor this is?
An uncompetitive inhibitor
An irreversible inhibitor
A noncompetitive inhibitor
A competitive inhibitor
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