What is unique about how acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 is regulated compared to any enzyme in glycolysis? Some phospholipid species can be phosphorylated beyond the phosphate attached to the #3 carbon. Describe the likely structure of such a phospholipid. Would the mass / charge (m/z) ratio of this molecular increase or decrease upon modification? Mechanistically, how does NADPH facilitate the removal of an oxygen atom from intermediates in fatty acid synthesis? Will a phosphatidylcholine or a phosphatidylethanolamine have a larger mass / charge (m/z) ratio?

Q: If we look at the free energy changes caused by phosphate hydrolysis in the following list of…

A: Phosphate hydrolysis: its hydrolysis causes a release of energy hence it is the exergonic reaction.…

Q: Draw the structures of the activated carbon groups bound to thiamine pyrophosphate in three enzymes…

A: Thiamine pyrophosphate or TPP is a coenzyme. It decarboxylates the alpha keto-acid and a covalent…

Q: In different organisms sucrose can be cleaved either by hydrolysis or by phosphorolysis. Calculate…

A: Sucrose is an organic sugar molecule, which is a disaccharide in composition.

Q: Myristoleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in small amounts in a variety of foods.…

A: Myristoleic acid would undergo beta-oxidation for its catabolism.

Q: 10 ATP/Acetyl-CoA * 2 acetyl-CoA = 20 ATP 1 GTP/ Acetyl-CoA * 2 acetyl-CoA = 2 GTP 1,5 ATP/ FADH2…

A: The process of cellular respiration is a series of reactions that convert the energy from food…

Q: In metabolism, glucose-6- phosphate (G6P) can be used for glycogen synthesis or for glycolysis,…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic process that is used to convert glucose into pyruvate. It occurs in the…

Q: What if the phosphate group for the glycolysis reaction with enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate…

A: During the process of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the…

Q: calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1…

A: Maltose is a disaccharide made up of two glucose molecule. Complete oxidation involves glycolysis,…

Q: The reaction catalyzed by citrate syn- thase, shown on the right, is the first step of the TCA…

A: In glycolysis, a 6-carbon molecule of glucose-6-phosphate is broken down into 3-carbon pyruvate. It…

Q: 1) under intracellular conditions, answer : If G3P-DH is inhibited by Iodoacetic acid, which…

A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer one question at a time. Since…

Q: The phosphorylation catalyzed by hexokinase is essentially an irreversible reaction. Which of the…

A: Under cellular conditions, hexokinase converts glucose to glucose 6-phosphate while simultaneously…

Q: In metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)can be used for glycogen synthesis or for glycolysis, among…

A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…

Q: If oxidation of acetyl-CoA yields 10 ATPS per mole through the citric acid cycle, how many ATPS will…

A: Amino acids catabolism can either be done to produce urea by removal of α-amino groups or to form…

Q: Lactic acid is a biproduct formed at the end of anaerobic respiration. This molecule is dangerous to…

A: Approach to solving the question: I hope this helps! Detailed explanation: Examples: Key references:

Q: Create a metabolic pathway map that includes "the 4 Gs": glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen…

A: Glycolysis is The process by which glucose is converted into pyruvate. Gluconeogenesis is the…

Q: The following diagram shows the biosynthesis of B12 coenzymes, starting with the vitamin. DMB is…

A: Introduction: DAM is the derivative of natural benznidazole. The structure of the DAM is:

Q: Fatty acid oxidation for energy yield occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and for palmitate as one…

A: Most fatty acids are degraded by the sequential removal of two-carbon fragments from the carboxyl…

Q: addition to L-lactate, which of the following molecules is (are) generated by fermentation of…

A: Fermentation is an anaerobic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, leading to the conversion…

Q: With fatty infiltration of the liver, the synthesis of phospholipids is disturbed. What is the…

A: Fatty infiltration of the liver, also known as steatosis, occurs when there is an excessive…

Q: In step 2 of the fatty acid biosynthesis, the acetyl-S-synthase condenses the acetyl group (L2) with…

A:

Q: Now imagine that only the Cu center was replaced by Zn(II). What would you expect to happen to the…

A: Cytochromes c oxidase: This complex is seen in Mitochondria during the oxidative phosphorylation…

Q: The pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex gates the entry of acetyl-CoA into the citric acid cycle,…

A: Under aerobic conditions carbohydrates, fatty acids, and most amino acids enter the Krebs cycle…

Q: Which carbon(s) of glucose could be labelled with carbon-14 label in order to have the label end up…

A: Glycolysis is a biochemical catabolic process that involves glucose breakdown to release energy and…

Q: Sonicating a suspension of mitochondria produces submitochondrial particles derived from the inner…

A: After sonication the submitochondrial particles which are derived from the inner membrane of…

Q: Phosphoglycerate mutase transfers a phosphoryl group from C3 of 3-phosphoglycerate to C2  position…

A: Phosphoglycerate mutase transfers the phosphate group on C3 of 3-phosphoglycerate to C2, this…

Q: Suppose a yeast enzyme performs this reaction: Glyceraldehyde 3 - phophospate (GAP or G3P) → 3- -…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway where glucose is catabolised into pyruvate with a net production…

Q: All the dehydrogenases of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle use NAD+ (E°' for NAD+/NADH is -0.32…

A: NADH/FADH2 are also known as reducing equivalents. These reducing equivalents are produced in the…

Q: the first two reactions in glycolysis associated with unfavorable ∆G° values, i.e., ∆G° > 0, both…

A: Glucose molecules are metabolized through the glycolytic pathway to release energy in the form of…

Q: What does the term “oxidative phosphorylation” mean? What is substrate-level phosphorylation? Are…

A: Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions which takes place in the cells to covert…

Q: Mechanistically, how does NADPH facilitate the removal of an oxygen atom from intermediates in fatty…

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the production of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action…

Q: Behenate (C22H44O2) can be obtained by chain elongation from palmitate. How many ATP equivalents are…

A: Introduction;- Adenosine 5′-triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP and generally written without the 5′-,…

Q: During glycogen synthesis, glucose-1P is converted into a molecule called UDPG. This reaction also…

A: The glycogen synthesis takes place in animal tissues. The glycogen synthesis begins with glucose 6-…

Q: what is the total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis?

A: Two pyruvate molecules are produced at the end of glycolysis. I have attached the glycolysis cycle…

Q: A figure of the energy payoff phase of glycolysis is shown below. Look at the reaction labelled with…

A: Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration that occurs in both presence and absence of…

Q: The phosphorylation and oxidative decarboxylation of oxaloacetate by inorganic phosphate (Pi) to…

A: In biochemical processes, the energetics of reactions play a crucial role in determining their…

Q: A liver cell undergoing gluconeogenesis is incubated in the presence of 14C labelled carbonic acid…

A: Glucose is synthesized in the liver by a biochemical process known as gluconeogenesis. The starting…

Q: The reaction catalyzed by phosphorylase is readily reversible in vitro. At pH 6.8, the equilibrium…

A: Orthophosphate : It is an organophosphate, an easter of orthophosphoric acid of the form PO.

Q: Non-denaturing Denaturing Mwt Stas, KD 272 132 - 95 66 - 45 14 11

A: Pyruvate carboxylase (PYC) is the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a carboxyl group to pyruvate…

Q: How many ATPs are synthesized for every cytoplasmic NADH reducing equivalent that is transferred…

A: The malate-aspartate shuttle is a biochemical system for translocating electrons produced during…

Q: Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are…

A: The human body is complex and it requires the coordinated action of many systems. The circulatory…

Q: How many ATP will be produced in an oxidative level phosphorylation of a molecule of glucose in a…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria of all animal and plant tissues, and it is…

Q: Provide an explanation for why glucose-6-phopshate must be isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate in…

A: Chemical reactions that occur within the living body are collectively known as metabolism. The…

Q: Fatty acid chains after subjected to degradative enzymes in the intestines are hydrolyzed…

A: Hydrolysis of fatty acids:Energy from fat is obtained by hydrolysis (degradation) of triglycerides…

Q: How many ATP molecules can be generated from one mol of 14CH3-COOH? (The conversion of acetate to…

A: Acetate is converted into acetyl-CoA that undergoes the Kreb cycle to form molecules like adenosine…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.