Unaffected male O Unaffected female Male with hemophila O Carrler female with affected male offspring Possible carrier female Prince Albert Queen Victoria Victoria Empress Frederick King Edward VII Allce of Hesse Leopold, Duke of Beatrice Albany King Alfonso XIII of Spaln Frederick William King George V King George VI Maurice Irene Prince Henry Alix Tsar Nicholas II Allice of Athlone Leopold Eugenla Duke of Windsor Earl Waldemar Henry Olga Marie Alexis Rupert Alfonso Gonzalo Mount- Tatlana Anastasla batten Princess German royal family Russlan royal family Margaret Queen Elizabeth II Prince Juan Philip Carlos Spanish royal family Princess Prince Prince Апne FIGURE 25.4 A family tree of hemophilia A in the royal families of Europe, indicating an X-linked recessive inheritance. Pictured are Queen Prince Charles Andrew Edward NTERACVE EXERISE Victoria and Prince Albert of Great Britain with some of their descendants. British royal family (photo): O Hulton-Deutsch ColectionCorbis

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Stress

Stress is defined as the feeling of being overwhelmed or unable to cope with emotional or mental pressure. Any event or action that makes a person annoyed, furious, or nervous can trigger it. Chemical changes in the body caused by stress can cause blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and heart rate to rise.