Trace the path of a protein synthesized on a ribosome attached to therough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) as the protein travels to theexterior of the cell. Name all the subcellular structures that the proteinpasses through. In answering this question, assume that the protein isalready produced/synthesized (i.e. don't describe translation).

The subcellular structures involved in the protein passage through the cytoplasm to the cell…

Answered: Trace the path of a protein synthesized…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11RE

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Ribosomes in the cytoplasm (cytosol) capture mRNA that can be translated into an enzyme (in this case a protease) to the lysosome. a) Describe what happens from the time the enzyme (protease) begins to form in the cytoplasm until it end up in the lysosome and explain how the enzyme is transported to the lysosome.
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm (cytosol) capture mRNA that can be translated into an enzyme (in this case a protease) to the lysosome. a) Describe what happens from the time the enzyme (protease) begins to form in the cytoplasm until it end up in the lysosome and explain how the enzyme is transported to the lysosome, Explain in terms of the clathrin and thethering proteins
Describe the mRNA journey through the cell after the nucleus has given the instructions. Describe how each organelle affects the mRNA journey as it travel through the cell and, ultimately, through the cell membrane. Organelles you should mention include the nucleus, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasm, Golgi body, and plasma/cell membrane.
Please draw or trace a pathway of any protein from translation to the plasma membrane. Name the protein (make sure it is a transemembrane protein). The protein in question must also have seceral protein modifications including, but not limited to, N-linked glycosylation, cysteine disulfide bonds, lipid modifications, and 3-D folding
Describe the process of protein synthesis and trafficking of a protein, a lysosomal hydrolase, destined to be inside the lysosome. You do not need to detail the mechanism of translation but do state the role of the ribosome in getting your hydrolase to the lysosome. In your description please give some detail on the function and purpose of the organelles the protein will pass through and how it gets from organelle to organelle. In other words what happens to the protein along the way?
Using the the enzyme acid hydrolase in the lysosome: What is the final destination in which the protein will function? Which features will the protein receive during its manufacture? What is the primary structure (general)? Where is the primary structure made? Where are the secondary and tertiary structures made? Will the protein travel through any organelles during its manufacture? Which ones? What would be the overall result if some part of the manufacture process went wrong, such that the protein ended up as nonfunctional?
The trans-Golgi network is the site of multiple sorting processes as proteins and lipids exit the Golgi complex. Compare and contrast the sorting of proteins to lysosomes with the packaging of proteins into regulated secretory vesicles such as those containing insulin. Compare and contrast the sorting of proteins to the basolateral versus apical cell surfaces in MDCK cells and in hepatocytes.
Paramecium caudatum is a unicellular organism that can phagocytose and digest a bacterium using hydrolytic enzymes. Proteases are one example of hydrolytic enzymes that can break down proteins into polypeptides and amino acids. Name all of the organelles involved, in the order that the protease will go through. from its synthesis to its final destination. Note that this protease needs to be modified through the addition of a carbohydrate in order to be functional.
List three potential organelle destinations for a free ribosome (cytosolic-produced) protein via transmembrane protein translocation:
A gene normally contains an N' terminal ER signal sequence and an internal stop transfer sequence. The ER signal sequence is recognized and used during the protein trafficking process, as normal. After translation is completed a signal peptidase enzyme cleaves the N' ER signal sequence but the internal sequence is not cleaved. Which of the following figures best represents the orientation of the protein product after translation? N Extracellular Extracellular Extracellular Extracellular N Lumen Lumen Lumen Lumen N' D A C O A D
gene normally contains an N' terminal ER signal sequence and an internal stop transfer sequence. The ER signal sequence is recognized and used during the protein trafficking process, as normal. After translation is completed a signal peptidase enzyme cleaves the N' ER signal sequence but the internal sequence is not cleaved. Which of the following figures best represents the orientation of the protein product after translation? N Extracellular Extracellular Extracellular Extracellular -N' C' N Lumen Lumen Lumen Lumen N' A В C
Describe, in detail, the steps involved in the synthesis of an integral membrane protein located in the plasma membrane. Begin with the ribosome, end with the plasma membrane.

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