Choose the correct order of events for protein synthesis of an INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEIN. 1. Translation occurs on a ribosome in the cytosol 2. Vesicle containing protein fuses with the Golgi apparatus. 3. Vesicle containing protein buds off the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 4. Vesicle containing protein fuses with the plasma membrane. 5. Transcription leads to generation of the mRNA. 6. Vesicle containing protein fuses with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, protein or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype, as the final effect.
Protein synthesis can be divided broadly into two phases - transcription and translation. During transcription, a section of DNA encoding a protein, known as a gene, is converted into a template molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). In eukaryotes, this mRNA is initially produced in a premature form (pre-mRNA) which undergoes post-transcriptional modifications to produce mature mRNA. Mature mRNA is exported from the cell nucleus via nuclear pores to the cytoplasm of the cell for translation to occur. During translation, the mRNA is read by ribosomes which use the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA to determine the sequence of amino acids. Ribosomes form polypeptide bond between two amino acids.
The pathway from the ER to the cell surface involves many sorting steps, which continually select membrane and soluble lumenal proteins for packaging and transport—in vesicles or organelle fragments that bud from the ER and Golgi apparatus.To initiate their journey along the biosynthetic-secretory pathway, proteins that have entered the ER and are destined for the Golgi apparatus.These transport vesicles bud from specialized regions of the ER called ER exit sites, whose membrane lacks bound ribosome. The exit signals that direct proteins out of the ER for transport to the Golgibody.Each Golgi stack has two distinct faces: a cis face (or entry face) and a trans face (or exit face). Proteins and lipids enter the cis face of golgi in vesicular tubular clusters arriving from the ER and exit from the trans face of golgi bound for the cell surface(Plasma membrane) or another compartment.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
