**Educational Content: Stopping Bacterial Translation in Wound Botulism Treatment**You are treating a patient suffering from wound botulism, a condition in which *Clostridium botulinum* grows in a wound and produces a protein exotoxin known as botulinum toxin.In addition to performing surgery to clean the wound and providing a botulinum antitoxin, you aim to administer antibiotics to halt the protein toxin synthesis immediately.**Clinical Question:**Which of the following antibiotics would you **NOT** give your patient if you wish to immediately stop bacterial translation? (Choose the best answer)- ○ Macrolides, e.g., erythromycin- ○ Trimethoprim plus sulfa drugs, e.g., sulfamethoxazole- ○ Chloramphenicol- ○ Tetracyclines- ○ Aminoglycosides, e.g., gentamicin**Explanation:**In this scenario, understanding the mechanism of action of each antibiotic is crucial to determining which should not be used if the aim is to stop bacterial translation immediately. Each antibiotic class affects bacterial protein synthesis differently and choosing the wrong one could delay treatment efficacy.

Antibiotics are the medicines which are used to cure infections which are caused by bacteria. These…

You are treating a patient suffering with wound botulism in which Clostridium botulinum grows in a wound and makes a protein exotoxin, botulinum toxin. In addition to surgery to clean the wound and providing botulinum antitoxin, you wish to give the patient antibiotics to stop the protein toxin synthesis immediately. Which of the following antibiotics would you NOT give your patient if you wished to immediately stop bacterial translation? (best answer) O macrolides, e.g. erythromycin O trimethoprim plus sulfa drugs e.g. sulfamethoxazole chloroamphenicol O tetracylines O aminoglycosides e.g. gentamicin

You are treating a patient suffering with wound botulism in which Clostridium botulinum grows in a wound and makes a protein exotoxin, botulinum toxin. In addition to surgery to clean the wound and providing botulinum antitoxin, you wish to give the patient antibiotics to stop the protein toxin synthesis immediately. Which of the following antibiotics would you NOT give your patient if you wished to immediately stop bacterial translation? (best answer) O macrolides, e.g. erythromycin O trimethoprim plus sulfa drugs e.g. sulfamethoxazole chloroamphenicol O tetracylines O aminoglycosides e.g. gentamicin

Principles Of Pharmacology Med Assist

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337512442

Author:RICE

Publisher:RICE

Chapter15: Antibiotic Agents

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18RQ

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Antibiotics and Protein Synthesis Antibiotics are molecules produced by microorganisms as defense mechanisms. The most effective antibiotics work by interfering with essential biochemical or reproductive processes. Many antibiotics block or disrupt one or more stages in protein synthesis. Some of these are mentioned here. Tetracyclines are a family of chemically related compounds used to treat several types of bacterial infections. Tetracyclines interfere with the initiation of translation. The tetracycline molecule attaches to the small ribosomal subunit and prevents binding of the tRNA anticodon during initiation. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes are sensitive to the action of tetracycline, but this antibiotic cannot pass through the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Because tetracycline can enter bacterial cells to inhibit protein synthesis, it will stop bacterial growth, helping the immune system fight the infection. Streptomycin is used in hospitals to treat serious bacterial infections. It binds to the small ribosomal subunit but does not prevent initiation or elongation; however, it does affect the efficiency of protein synthesis. Binding of streptomycin changes the way mRNA codons interact with the tRNA. As a result, incorrect amino acids are incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain, producing nonfunctional proteins. In addition, streptomycin causes the ribosome to randomly fall off the mRNA, preventing the synthesis of complete proteins. Puromycin is not used clinically but has played an important role in studying the mechanism of protein synthesis in the research laboratory. The puromycin molecule is the same size and shape as a tRNA/amino acid complex. When puromycin enters the ribosome, it can be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain, stopping further synthesis because no peptide bond can be formed between puromycin and an amino acid, causing the shortened polypeptide to fall off the ribosome. Chloramphenicol was one of the first broadspectrum antibiotics introduced. Eukaryotic cells are resistant to its actions, and it was widely used to treat bacterial infections. However, its use is limited to external applications and serious infections. Chloramphenicol destroys cells in the bone marrow, the source of all blood cells. In bacteria, this antibiotic binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the formation of peptide bonds. Another antibiotic, erythromycin, also binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA. Almost every step of protein synthesis can be inhibited by one antibiotic or another. Work on designing new synthetic antibiotics to fight infections is based on our knowledge of how the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is converted into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Questions Why is targeting protein synthesis an effective strategy for preventing infection?
The term _________________________________ means pertaining to a virus. viral virile
Which of these statements is true? An antibiotic is any substance produced by a organism that is antagonistic to the growth of prokaryotes An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of other viruses An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of eukaryotic cells An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote.
The chain termination method of sequencing uses labeled ddNITPs uses only dideoxynucleotides uses only deoxynucleotides uses labeled dNTPs