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- What is an experiment?The Human Resources Department is studying absenteeism with employees. They have noticed an unacceptable level of absenteeism that is believed to be related to the general health of the employees. Twelve months ago, a fitness program for employees was started at the company. To evaluate the program, a random sample of eight participants were studied before the fitness program began and the same eight participants were studied twelve months later. The Human Resources Department believes the number of absences should change over the twelve months. Before After Difference Employee 1. What is dbar? 2. What is tcrit? 3. What is at? 4. What is pvalue? 1 5. What is decision? 6 5 2 6 2 four decimal places four decimal places 3 four decimal places 7 1 4 At the 5% significance level, answer the following questions using the following information: Ho: mu d = 0 Ha: mud #0 7 3 5 4 3 6 3 6 7 5 3 8 6 7 standard deviation of sample = 2.92A researcher was interested in how the effects of stress were different in people with our without military training. A equal number of participants were recruited that either had no military experience or had completed military experience. All participants were asked to give a speech without preparation while being judged by a panel of experts. Their heart rates were monitored during the speech and an average heart rate was calcuated for each participant. Which statistical test would be best to determine if there is a significant difference between groups? one-sample t-test dependent samples t-test independent samples t-test ANOVA
- 2.Dementia is a common mental health problem affecting those over65. It is believed that of those that have dementia, 31% worsen in mental cognition. Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) is a drug that is used to determine if it will be beneficial with those with dementia. In a clinical trial, 98 patients are given the drug and their cognition is observed. Of the 98 patients, only 28 worsened. Construct a test to determine whether ALC decreased the proportion of patients who worsen from dementia. a)State the null and alternative hypotheses.b)Find the test statistic. Round to two decimal places.c)Find the p-value. Round to four decimal places.d)What is your decision at a 1% significance?e)What can you conclude based on your decision?2.Dementia is a common mental health problem affecting those over65. It is believed that of those that have dementia, 31% worsen in mental cognition. Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) is a drug that is used to determine if it will be beneficial with those with dementia. In a…A sociologist wants to investigate the question, "Is there a relationship between texting during class and grade-point-average (GPA) among high school seniors in a large district?" Which study design is most appropriate? Before the semester starts, randomly select 40 seniors from each high school who do not text during class. Assign 20 to the texting treatment group (text three or more times during every class meeting) and 20 to the control group (no texting during class). At the end of the semester, obtain each student’s GPA from the appropriate admissions and records office. Compare the GPA of students who routinely text during class to the GPA of students who do not text during class. Before the semester starts, randomly select 40 seniors from each high school who do not text during class. Assign 20 to the texting treatment group (text three or more times during every class meeting) and 20 to the control group (no texting during class). At the end of the semester,…A marketing research firm is conducting a study to determine if there is a relationship between an individual's age and the individual's preferred source of news. The research firm asked 1,000 individuals to list their preferred sources for news; newspaper, radio, and television, or the Internet. The accompanying results were obtained. At the 0.01 level of significance, can the marketing research firm conclusion that there is a relationship between the age of the individual and the individual's preferred source for news? Determine the null and alternative hypotheses Calculate the test statistic Calculate the p-value Do you accept or reject the null is there significant evidence? Can the marketing firm conclude that there is a relationship between age and preferred news source?
- Among a random sample of the state's census deciles, there is a -.85 correlation (p=.50) between school truancy rates and the rates of alcohol sales to minors. How would you characterize the relationship between truancy and alcohol sales to minors? A. We cannot be confident that there is a relationship between the two variables. B. We have evidence that there is a strong, positive correlation between the two variables. C. We have evidence that there is a strong, negative correlation between the two variables. D. We have evidence that there is a weak, positive correlation between the two variables. E. We have evidence that there is a weak, negative correlation between the two variables.8. Does posting calorie content for menu items affect people's choices in fast-food restaurants? Accord- ing to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh (2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitored the calorie content of food purchases for children and adolescents in four large fast-food chains before and after mandatory labeling began in New York City. Al- though most of the adolescents reported noticing the calorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect on their choices. Data similar to the results obtained show an average of M = 786 calories per meal with s = 85 for n = 100 children and adolescents before the %3D labeling, compared to an average of M = 772 calories with s = %3D 91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after the %3D %3D mandatory posting. 22 a. Use a two-tailed test with a = .05 to determine %3D whether the mean number of calories after the posting is significantly different than before calorie i content was posted. Tib ne lomee b. Calculate r to measure…54 wild bears were anesthetized, and then their weights and chest sizes were measured and listed in a data set. Results are shown in the accompanying display. Is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that there is a linear correlation between the weights of bears and their chest sizes? When measuring an anesthetized bear, is it easier to measure chest size than weight? If so, does it appear that a measured chest size can be used to predict the weight? Use a significance level of α=0.05. Correlation Results Correlation coeff, r: 0.969428 Critical r: ±0.2680855 P-value (two tailed): 0.000 =0/=0 Identify the correlation coefficient, r. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Identify the critical value(s). (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that there is a linear correlation between the weights of bears and their chest sizes? Give the absolute value of the test…
- 6. Binge-watching a television show might not be the best way to enjoy a television series (Horvath et al., 2017). Participants in an experiment were in a group that either watched an entire tv series during daily one-hour sessions or watched all the episodes during a single binge session. Participants were asked to rate their enjoyment of the t.v. series on a scale of 0-100. Data like those observed by the author are listed below: Binge-watched 87 Daily-watched 84 71 100 73 87 86 97 78 92 a. Is there a difference in the level of enjoyment based on whether the series was binge-watched or watched on a daily basis? Use a two-tailed test at the a = 0.05 level of significance? b. Do the data analysis in SPSS in addition to your hand calculations. Attach a printout of your results.One study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 469 people who have brain cancer. The investigators then asked about the use of cell phones. Result: “Our data suggest that the use of hand- held cellular phones is not associated with risk of brain cancer. B . Based on this study, can you determine that cellular use does not CAUSE brain cancer? Why or why not?The article "Display of Health Risk Behaviors on MySpace by Adolescents"+ described a study in which researchers looked at a random sample of 500 publicly accessible MySpace web profiles posted by 18-year-olds. The content of each profile was analyzed. One of the conclusions reported was that displaying sport or hobby involvement was associated with decreased references to risky behavior (sexual references or references to substance abuse or violence). (a) Is the study described an observational study or an experiment? an observational study an experiment (b) Is it reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all 18-year-olds with a publicly accessible MySpace web profile? What aspect of the study supports your answer? No, it is not reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion since the study didn't include all 18-year-olds on MySpace. No, it is not reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion since the study was an experiment and you cannot generalize conclusions to…