Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the population size is finite,some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, withoutnew mutations, all variation will drift either to fixationor to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populationsthan in large populations. (3) The probability that anallele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal toits initial frequency (p) in the population, while itsprobability of loss from the population due to drift isequal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 100,000?b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 10?c. In which population does the new mutation have ahigher probability of going to fixation by chancewith genetic drift?
Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the
some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, without
new mutations, all variation will drift either to fixation
or to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populations
than in large populations. (3) The probability that an
allele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal to
its initial frequency (p) in the population, while its
probability of loss from the population due to drift is
equal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:
a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomal
mutation immediately after it occurs in a diploid
population of size N = 100,000?
b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomal
mutation immediately after it occurs in a diploid
population of size N = 10?
c. In which population does the new mutation have a
higher probability of going to fixation by chance
with genetic drift?
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