The initial stage of star formation is a free-fall collapse. This switches over to a more gradual collapse when: nuclear fusion begins in the core of the cloud. hydrogen in the cloud is completely ionized. convection sets in below the surface of the young star. the cloud becomes opaque to its own radiation.
Q: All stars start their lives with the same basic composition. What determines their differences? O…
A: Mass they formed with
Q: Which of the following is most likely to occur when mass is continually added to a 1.5 solar mass…
A:
Q: As a star forms out of gravitational collapse of a cloud: it gains gravitational energy and loses…
A: A star is formed when a giant molecular gas cloud starts to collapse under its own weight. A giant…
Q: of a star occur
A: Possible stages of a star that occurs are as follows:
Q: A supernova remnant is now 3.65 pc in radius and is expanding at 4,850 km/s. Approximately how many…
A: Given, Radius of remnant of supernova = 3.65 pc = 1.116×1014km Rate of expanding = 4850 km/s
Q: If a contracting protostar is seven times the radius of the Sun and has a temperature of only 2030…
A: The luminosity (L) of the contracting protostar relative to the sun be defined as, LL⊙=RR⊙2TT⊙4…
Q: If a giant molecular cloud is 73 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it at 9 million…
A: Given: The diameter of the giant cloud is d = 73 Pc. The time taken by the shock wave to pass…
Q: A giant molecular cloud is 30 pc in diameter and has a density of 339 hydrogen molecules/cm^3. What…
A: Concept used: Mass is found by multiplying by density and volume of sphere.
Q: Which stars are associated with a planetary nebula? black holes, neutron star's, white dwarf or main…
A: Required : What are planetary nebula associated with.
Q: This star has a mass of 3.3 MSun. What is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume…
A:
Q: What critical event must occur in order for a protostar to become a star?
A: A very young star that is yet gathering mass from the parent molecular cloud is called a protostar.…
Q: 24 If the Temperature of the core of a supernova is 3200 x 1023 K, what should be the average…
A: Step 1:Step 2:
Q: After the hydrogen in the core of a star is used up the star moves off the main-sequence, and as the…
A: The mass of the star affects the temperature at which electron degeneracy pressure in the star's…
Q: a supernova remnant is now 2.95 pc in radius and is expanding at 3,850 km/s. approximately how many…
A: Given information: The radius of the supernova remnant (D) = 2.95 pc = 2.95 (3.1×1013 km) = 9.145…
Q: When two stars are in the same star system, they can affect each other’s evolution. Two stars in the…
A: Two stars in the same system might evolve at a different pace, depending on their distances in the…
Q: 1. The neutrino flux from SN 1987A was estimated to be 1.3 x 1014 m-2 at the location of Earth. If…
A:
Q: Globular clusters contain no stars more massive than the Sun. Which of the following seems like the…
A: First, we are aware that no stars more massive than the Sun can be found in globular clusters. Any…
Q: A star with an original mass of 9MSun undergoes an active period where it experiences mass loss via…
A: Given data: Mass of the star, Mstar=9Msun Time, t=1.1 million years = 1.1×106 years New mass,…
Q: If the hottest star in the Carina Nebula has a surface temperature of 51,000 K, at what wavelength…
A: Concept: "The Wien's displacement law states that the wavelength carrying maximum energy is…
Q: 3. a) Explain how it is possible for the core of a red giant to contract at the same time that its…
A: a) The core of a red giant contracts due to depleted fuel, while nuclear fusion in surrounding…
Q: Consider an M-dwarf star of mass 0.1M⊙ and luminosity 10−3L⊙. When the star joins the main sequence…
A: Luminosity of the star is defined as the power emitted by the star. Power is simply the energy…
Q: The luminosity class of a star tells an astronomer: O how long ago the star formed O whether the…
A:
Q: If a giant molecular cloud has a mass of 6.7 ✕ 1035 kg, and it converts 9 percent of its mass into…
A: Given data- Mass of giant molecular cloud m=6.7×1035 kg It converts 9% of its mass into stars…
Q: supernova remnant is now 4.75 pc in radius and is expanding at 1,600 km/s. Approximately how many…
A: Given 1 pc = 3.1 × 1013 km 1 year = 3.2 × 107 s Radius of supernova remnant = 4.75 × 3.1 × 10 13 km…
Q: A giant molecular cloud is 27 pc in diameter and has a density of 380 hydrogen molecules/cm3. What…
A: Given the diameter of the giant molecular cloud is d = 27 pc (parsec) Density of the cloud is 380…
Q: planetary nebula expands at 38 km/s. How far will it expand (in km) in 3 million years?
A: Here given nebula is expanding with given speed. As in 1 sec nebula expands 38 Km, In 3 million…
Q: A planetary nebula expands at 32 km/s. How far will it expand (in km) in 0.6 million years?
A: Expansion rate of the Nebula: It can be defined as the distance up to which the nebula expands in a…
Q: Based on what you know about main-sequence stars, select all of the correct statements from the…
A: Required : Correct statements .
Q: Based on what you know about the interactions between stars and other interstellar media, select all…
A: Interstellar space and formation of stars Interstellar space is the space between stars. This space…
Q: How high or low a star is on the main sequence is dictated primarily by ... Select one: A. its…
A: Answer: A high or low a star is on the main sequence is dictated primarily is discussed below:
Q: In which component of the interstellar medium do new stars form? O molecular clouds O HII Intercloud…
A: Interstellar medium is the medium between matter and radiation. The matter are gases (gas cloud),…
Q: Describe the principle of hydrostatic equilibrium as it relates to the internal structure of a star.
A: Stars are formed due to the gravitational collapse of interstellar gas and fusion reaction. The…
Q: Sun-like star transitions into a Red Giant __________. Group of answer choices after the planetary…
A: Solution Given dataSun like star transitions into a Red Giant ..........Which option is correct…
Q: Stars are born in a. reflection nebulae. b. dense molecular clouds. c. HII regions. d.…
A: Option (B): Dense molecular cloud.
Q: Which of the following statements is wrong? A. A main-sequence star is cooler and brighter than it…
A:
Q: The Orion Nebula is about 20 light-years (20 × 1018 cm) across, enclosing a roughly spherical area…
A:
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- A Crude Analysis: In about 5 billion years, the Sun is going to look a lot different. Our sun is going to turn into a red-giant, a bigger star whose core temperature is much higher than the Sun's current core temperature (you will learn about the red giants in the coming weeks). Assume the core temperature of the red-giant phase of the Sun does not go beyond 100 million degrees. Do you think the temperature is high enough for helium fusion to occur? Note that this question is about helium fusion not hydrogen fusion. How are you going about proving your claim? Question: What temperature in degrees Kelvin must the red-giant sun be at to allow for the helium-helium interactions to take place not considering the Quantum Mechanical effects (i.e. what temperature would allow helium atoms to breach the helium-helium potential wall without help from Quantum Mechanics)? Use wolfram alpha to find the values for the constants. Round your answer to two decimal places. Your answer i [ Select ] 1.47…Describe how energy generated in the core of a 1-solar-mass star gets to the star's surface.List the following 5 terms in order through a stars life cycle (starting with the sun), through the remainder of its lifetime: a. Black dwarf b. Planetary nebula c. Red giant d. Star (Sun) e. White dwarf
- A red giant that was originally a 9.5MSun main-sequence star loses a solar mass in 100,000 years via a superwind. What is this mass loss rate in units of solar masses per year? (the answer is not 0.000095 solar masses per year). Additionally, at this mass loss rate, what will the red giant's mass be after 0.5 million years? (Enter your answer as a multiple of MSun.)What evidence is there that star formation has occurred recently?How often can a star go supernova? Group of answer choices Many times, depending on the size of its companion star. Twice, the first time when it runs out hydrogen, and the second time when it runs out of iron. Once, early in its evolution. Once, late in its evolution. At various times, depending on the composition of the star.
- Match each statement with the appropriate item (if the first corresponds to B and the next 4 to C, enter BCCCC) 1) group of stars that was formed all at the same time, with the same composition 2) the top of the main sequence of a cluster; more massive stars in the cluster have already evolved 3) globular clusters stars that are burning helium in their core 4) young, spread out star cluster 5) old, dense star cluster A. main sequence turnoff B. open cluster C. star cluster D. horizontal branch stars E. globular clusterWhen the Sun becomes a red giant, it's luminosity will be 2000 times its current value. The solar flux at Earth will also increase by a factor of 2000. Neglecting the greenhouse effect, the surface temperature of the earth is determined by thermal equilibrium: the flux of radiation absorbed equals the flux of radiation emitted. This means the Earth's surface flux must also increase by a factor of 2000. If the current average surface temperature is 58 degrees F, what will the average surface temperature be when the Sun is a red giant. Express your answer in units of degrees Fahrenheit. [Hint: Recall that the Stefan-Boltzmann law says that the flux F emitted by a blackbody is related to its surface temperature T (measured in Kelvins) is F=σT4 . Use this law in the form of a ratio, expressing T in Kelvins. Then convert back to Fahrenheit.]What are the main products of the fusion reactions that take place in low mass main sequence stars?