If a giant molecular cloud is 73 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it at 9 million years, how fast is the shock wave going in km per second? 1 pc = 3.1× 10^13 km; 1 yr = 3.2 × 10^ 7 s
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If a giant molecular cloud is 73 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it at 9 million years, how fast is the shock wave going in km per second? 1 pc = 3.1× 10^13 km; 1 yr = 3.2 × 10^ 7 s.
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- If you assume that a globular cluster 6 arc minutes in diameter is actually 27 pc in diameter, how far away is it? (Hint: Use the small-angle formula.)If an open cluster contains 650 stars and is 27 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? (Hint: On average, what share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?)If an open cluster contains 350 stars and is 48 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? On average what, share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?
- If a giant molecular cloud is 38 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it in 6 million years, how fast is the shock wave going in kilometers per second? (Notes: 1 pc = 3.1 1013 km; 1 yr = 3.2 107 s.) answer in km/sA supernova’s energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun’s current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein’s formula E=mc2 calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; ; mass of earth = 6×1024kg; c = 3×108m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]If a giant molecular cloud has a mass of 2.0 ✕ 1035 kg, and it converts 8 percent of its mass into stars during a single encounter with a shock wave, how many stars can it make? Assume the stars each contain 1 solar mass. (Hint: The mass of the Sun is 1.99 ✕ 1030 kg.)
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- What is the escape velocity (in km/s) from the surface of a 1.1 M neutron star? From a 3.0 M neutron star?How many years? Thank you!If a giant molecular cloud has a diameter of 56 pc and drifts relative to nearby objects at 19 km/s, how long (in yr) does it take to travel a distance equal to its own diameter?