If you assume that a globular cluster 6 arc minutes in diameter is actually 18 pc In diameter, how far away is it? (Hint: use the small angle formula.) ______ kpc
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If you assume that a globular cluster 6 arc minutes in diameter is actually 18 pc In diameter, how far away is it? (Hint: use the small angle formula.)
______ kpc
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- The RR Lyrae stars in a globular cluster have apparent magnitudes of 14. Assuming an absolute visual magnitude of 0.5, calculate how far away is the cluster (in parsecs)? (Hint: Use the Magnitude-Distance Formula: ?=10(??−??+55))If an open cluster contains 650 stars and is 27 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? (Hint: On average, what share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?)If an open cluster contains 350 stars and is 48 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? On average what, share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?
- Cluster Sizes. An open cluster is a collection of 10 to 1000 stars in a region about 25 pc in diameter. About how far apart are the stars in an open cluster in units of pc? (Hints: What share of the cluster's volume belongs to a single 4 Tr. Use the cited value for the maximum number of stars in your calculation.) star? The volume of a sphere is pc.If a giant molecular cloud is 38 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it in 6 million years, how fast is the shock wave going in kilometers per second? (Notes: 1 pc = 3.1 1013 km; 1 yr = 3.2 107 s.) answer in km/sA supernova’s energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun’s current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein’s formula E=mc2 calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; ; mass of earth = 6×1024kg; c = 3×108m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]
- If a standard passenger aircraft can fly at 0.32 km/s (716 mph), how long (in yr) would it take to reach the sun? ______ yr How long (In yr) would it take to reach the galactic center? (Note: 1 pc = 3.1 x 10^13 km. The radius of the suns orbit around the galactic center is approximately 8,300 pc.) ______ yrIf interstellar dust makes an RR Lyrae variable star look 7 magnitudes fainter than the star should, by how much will you over- or underestimate its distance? (Hint: Use the magnitude-distance formula d = 10 mv - Mv + 5)/5.) destimate dactual = Is your calculated value an over- or underestimate? O overestimate O underestimateMatch each statement with the appropriate item (if the first corresponds to B and the next 4 to C, enter BCCCC) 1) group of stars that was formed all at the same time, with the same composition 2) the top of the main sequence of a cluster; more massive stars in the cluster have already evolved 3) globular clusters stars that are burning helium in their core 4) young, spread out star cluster 5) old, dense star cluster A. main sequence turnoff B. open cluster C. star cluster D. horizontal branch stars E. globular cluster
- if a protostellar disk is 260 au in radius and the disk plus the forming star together contain 7 solar masses what is the orbital speed at the outer edge of the disk in km per second. use the circular orbital velocity formulaIf a giant molecular cloud has a diameter of 56 pc and drifts relative to nearby objects at 19 km/s, how long (in yr) does it take to travel a distance equal to its own diameter?If a contracting protostar is five times the radius of the sun and has a temperature of only 2000 K, how luminous will it be?