If a contracting protostar is five times the radius of the sun and has a temperature of only 2000 K, how luminous will it be?
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- Betelgeuse is a nearby supergiant that will eventually explode into a supernova. Let's see how awesome it would look. At peak brightness, the supernova will have a luminosity of about 10 billion times the Sun. It is 600 light-years away. All stellar brightnesses are compared with Vega, which has an intrinsic luminosity of about 60 times the Sun, a distance of 25 light-years, an absolute magnitude of 0.6 and an apparent magnitude of 0 (by definition). a) At peak brightness, how many times brighter will Betelgeuse be than Vega? b) Approximately what apparent magnitude does this correspond to? c) The Sun is about -26.5 apparent magnitude. What fraction of the Sun's brightness will Betelgeuse be?If a neutron star has a radius of 13 km and a temperature of 9.0 x 10° K, how luminous is it? Express your answer in watts and also in solar luminosity units. (Hint: Use the relation . Use 5,800 K for the surface temperature of the Sun. The luminosity of the Sun is 3.83 × 1026 w.) luminosity in watts w luminosity in solar luminosity units LoHow many times hotter than our sun is the hottest type O star, which has a surface temperature 40,000 K? Number times hotter =
- If a contracting protostar is two times the radius of the Sun and has a temperature of only 1890 K, how luminous will it be relative to the Sun?A red giant star has a temperature of 3900 K and a luminosity of 13600 LSun. How many times bigger is this star than the Sun? Hint: You need the surface temperature of the sun for this problem. Use the value in the book, 5800K.If an open cluster contains 350 stars and is 48 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? On average what, share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?
- How is the blue color of a reflection nebula related to the blue color of the daytime sky?Why are emission nebulae red ?The figure above shows a track on the H-R diagram corresponding to the evolution of a star like the one you’ve just considered. Six stages are numbered. Six stages of stellar evolution are listed below – for each stage, write the number corresponding to its position on the diagram (four of these stages are the same stages you considered in the first part of this tutorial). Horizontal branch: Asymptotic giant branch: White dwarf: Main sequence: Planetary nebula: Red giant branch: What is the approximate mass of this star, in solar masses? Explain how you can tell.
- (Answer don't copy with hand written please)As a star runs out of hydrogen to fuel nuclear fusion in its core, changes within the star usually cause it to leave the main sequence, expanding and cooling as it does so. Would a star with a radius 12 times that of the Sun, but a surface temperature 0.5 times that of the Sun, be more, or less luminous than the Sun? Show and explain your reasoning. You may assume the surface area of a sphere is A = 4πr2.If a contracting prostar is 3 times the radius of the sun and has a temperature of 1680 k how lumminous will it be relative to the sun? Use luminosity radius temperature to the relation. The surface temperature of the sun is 5800kWhy is it that stars of greater mass (and thus possess more fuel for nuclear fusion) spend less time on the main sequence of the H-R diagram than their lower mass counterparts?