The estrogen receptor is an important protein to mediate the actions of estrogens in target cells. It is hypothesized that estrogen receptor will form a dimer in the presence of estrogens. You are provided with the following materials: (i) The cDNA clone of the estrogen receptor; (ii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker: HIS3) with a partial gene encoding the DNA binding domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor; (iii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker : TRP1) with a partial gene encoding the activation domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor; (iv) Reporter yeast strain (defective in his3, trp1, ura3) with GAL1 promoter-URA3 and GAL1 promoter-lacz (GAL4 can activate GAL1 promoter); (v) Estrogens (vi) All chemicals for yeast cultivation and transformation; (vii) Chemicals for mutagenesis; and (viii) All other common laboratory chemicals and facilities. (a) Using yeast two-hybrid technology, design an experiment to test this hypothesis. (b) Suppose the hypothesis is correct, using a similar system, identify the amino acid residue(s) on the estrogen receptor that is/are essential for the binding of estrogens.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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The estrogen receptor is an important protein to mediate the actions of estrogens in target
cells. It is hypothesized that estrogen receptor will form a dimer in the presence of estrogens.
You are provided with the following materials:
(i) The cDNA clone of the estrogen receptor;
(ii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker: HIS3) with a partial gene encoding the DNA
binding domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor;
(iii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker : TRP1) with a partial gene encoding the
activation domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor;
(iv) Reporter yeast strain (defective in his3, trp1, ura3) with GAL1 promoter-URA3 and GAL1
promoter-lacZ (GAL4 can activate GAL1 promoter);
(v) Estrogens
(vi) All chemicals for yeast cultivation and transformation;
(vii) Chemicals for mutagenesis; and
(viii) All other common laboratory chemicals and facilities.
(a) Using yeast two-hybrid technology, design an experiment to test this hypothesis.
(b) Suppose the hypothesis is correct, using a similar system, identify the amino acid
residue(s) on the estrogen receptor that is/are essential for the binding of estrogens.
Transcribed Image Text:The estrogen receptor is an important protein to mediate the actions of estrogens in target cells. It is hypothesized that estrogen receptor will form a dimer in the presence of estrogens. You are provided with the following materials: (i) The cDNA clone of the estrogen receptor; (ii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker: HIS3) with a partial gene encoding the DNA binding domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor; (iii) Yeast expression vector (selection marker : TRP1) with a partial gene encoding the activation domain of the GAL4 transcriptional factor; (iv) Reporter yeast strain (defective in his3, trp1, ura3) with GAL1 promoter-URA3 and GAL1 promoter-lacZ (GAL4 can activate GAL1 promoter); (v) Estrogens (vi) All chemicals for yeast cultivation and transformation; (vii) Chemicals for mutagenesis; and (viii) All other common laboratory chemicals and facilities. (a) Using yeast two-hybrid technology, design an experiment to test this hypothesis. (b) Suppose the hypothesis is correct, using a similar system, identify the amino acid residue(s) on the estrogen receptor that is/are essential for the binding of estrogens.
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