The Chief business of the East India Company in its early period, the very object for which it was started, was to carry Indian manufactured goods- textiles, etc., as well as spices and the like from the East to Europe, where there was a great demand for these articles. With the developments in industrial techniques in England a new class of industrial capitalists rose there demanding a change in this policy. The British market was to be closed to Indian products and the Indian market opened to British manufactures. The British parliament, influenced by this new class, began to take a greater interest in India and the working of the East India Company. To begin with, Indian goods were excluded from Britain by legislation, and as the company held a monopoly in the Indian export business, this exclusion influenced other foreign markets also. This was followed by vigorous attempts to restriet and crush Indian manufactures by various measures and internal duties which prevented the flow of Indian goods within the country itself. British goods meanwhile had free entry. The Indian textile industry collapsed, affecting vast numbers of weavers and artisans. The process was rapid in Bengal and Bihar; elsewhere it spread gradually with the expansion of British rule and the building of railways. It continued throughout the nineteenth century, breaking up other old industries also, shipbuilding, metalwork, glass, paper, and many crafts... Source: Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India. John Day Company 1946 31. Based on this excerpt. which statement best describes the author's point of view? a. British involvement in India benefited Indian manufactures b. The East India Company's goal was to enrich India's economy c. British policies destroyed Indian businesses by restricting who they could sell to d. The British helped create a new class of wealthy Indians 32. According to Jawaharlal Nehru, which historical development contributed to a change in British policy with India a. Industrial Revolution b. Napoleonic Wars c. Green Revolution d. Meiji Restoration 33. Which evidence supports the claim made by Jawaharlal Nehru in this excerpt? a. An account book from a British textile company showing that they sold less to Indians in 1920 than in 1880 b. An account from an Indian metalworker stating that his shop had to close because he could not afford to pay British taxes required to sell his goods c. A speech by the Prime Minister of Great Britain in 1910 proclaiming that the empire is losing more money that it ever has d. Maps of an Indian city showing that more shipbuilding and textile businesses existed during British rule than ever before 34. One result of the Opium War was that China a. Adopted democratic reforms b. Gained control of Hong Kong c. Regained control of Manchuria d. Was divided into spheres of influence

The Chief business of the East India Company in its early period, the very object for which it was started, was to carry Indian manufactured goods- textiles, etc., as well as spices and the like from the East to Europe, where there was a great demand for these articles. With the developments in industrial techniques in England a new class of industrial capitalists rose there demanding a change in this policy. The British market was to be closed to Indian products and the Indian market opened to British manufactures. The British parliament, influenced by this new class, began to take a greater interest in India and the working of the East India Company. To begin with, Indian goods were excluded from Britain by legislation, and as the company held a monopoly in the Indian export business, this exclusion influenced other foreign markets also. This was followed by vigorous attempts to restriet and crush Indian manufactures by various measures and internal duties which prevented the flow of Indian goods within the country itself. British goods meanwhile had free entry. The Indian textile industry collapsed, affecting vast numbers of weavers and artisans. The process was rapid in Bengal and Bihar; elsewhere it spread gradually with the expansion of British rule and the building of railways. It continued throughout the nineteenth century, breaking up other old industries also, shipbuilding, metalwork, glass, paper, and many crafts... Source: Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India. John Day Company 1946 31. Based on this excerpt. which statement best describes the author's point of view? a. British involvement in India benefited Indian manufactures b. The East India Company's goal was to enrich India's economy c. British policies destroyed Indian businesses by restricting who they could sell to d. The British helped create a new class of wealthy Indians 32. According to Jawaharlal Nehru, which historical development contributed to a change in British policy with India a. Industrial Revolution b. Napoleonic Wars c. Green Revolution d. Meiji Restoration 33. Which evidence supports the claim made by Jawaharlal Nehru in this excerpt? a. An account book from a British textile company showing that they sold less to Indians in 1920 than in 1880 b. An account from an Indian metalworker stating that his shop had to close because he could not afford to pay British taxes required to sell his goods c. A speech by the Prime Minister of Great Britain in 1910 proclaiming that the empire is losing more money that it ever has d. Maps of an Indian city showing that more shipbuilding and textile businesses existed during British rule than ever before 34. One result of the Opium War was that China a. Adopted democratic reforms b. Gained control of Hong Kong c. Regained control of Manchuria d. Was divided into spheres of influence