The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1 to 10. 7+ label 766 5 861 795 7958 4 12+ label 8 16+ label 9867 s89 6 7 18+ label 10 9687689 10 8 Do the data provide convincing evidence that the means of the ratings associated with the game descriptions by 12- to 13-year-old boys is not the same for all four restrictive rating labels? Test the appropriate hypotheses using a significance level of 0.05. (Let 4, H2. H3, and Hg be the true mean ratings of how much 12- to 13-year-old boys want to play the game on a scale of 1 to 10 for the four different age label treatments.) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho : at least two of the four Hi's are different Ha: H1 = H2 = H3 = H4 O Ho : H = H2 - H3 = H4 H: at least three of the four H's are different O Ho : H = H2 = H3 = H4 H: at least two of the four u,'s are different O Ho: all four of the 's are different Ha: H1 = H2 = H3" H4 O Ho : H1 = H2 = #3 = H4 Ha: all four of the 's are different Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use technology. Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to three decimal places.) F = P-value = State the conclusion in the problem context. O we reject Ho: The data do not provide convincing evidence that the mean rating associated with the game description by 12- to 13-year-old boys is not the same for all four restrictive rating labels. O we fail to reject Ho. The data provide convincing evidence that the mean rating associated with the game description by 12- to 13-year-old boys is not the same for all four restrictive rating labels. O we fail to reject Ho. The data do not provide convincing evidence that the mean rating associated with the game description by 12- to 13-year-old boys is not the same for all four restrictive rating labels. • we reject Ho: The data provide convincing evidence that the mean rating associated with the game description by 12- to 13-year-old boys is not the same for all four restrictive rating labels.
Inverse Normal Distribution
The method used for finding the corresponding z-critical value in a normal distribution using the known probability is said to be an inverse normal distribution. The inverse normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution with a family of two parameters.
Mean, Median, Mode
It is a descriptive summary of a data set. It can be defined by using some of the measures. The central tendencies do not provide information regarding individual data from the dataset. However, they give a summary of the data set. The central tendency or measure of central tendency is a central or typical value for a probability distribution.
Z-Scores
A z-score is a unit of measurement used in statistics to describe the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean, measured with reference to standard deviation from the mean. Z-scores are useful in statistics because they allow comparison between two scores that belong to different normal distributions.
Consider that, µ1, µ2, µ3, and µ4 define the true mean ratings of how much 12- to 13- year-old boys want to play the game on a scale of 1 to 10 for the four different age label treatments, respectively.
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