Suppose we wish to compare the health status of two groups of people. What variables might we use to measure the status? What variables might we want to control in order to draw the appropriate inferences and why?
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Suppose we wish to compare the health status of two groups of people. What variables might we use to measure the status? What variables might we want to control in order to draw the appropriate inferences and why?
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- Suppose you are conducting a study about how the average US worker spends time over the course of a workday. You are interested in how much time workers spend per day on personal calls, emails, and social networking websites, as well as how much time they spend socializing with coworkers versus actually working. The most recent census provides data for the entire population of US workers on variables such as travel time to work, time spent at work, and break time at work. The census, however, does not include data on the variables you are interested in, so you obtain a random sample of 102 full-time workers in the United States and ask about personal calls, emails, and so forth. You are curious about how your sample compares with the census, so you also ask the workers the same questions about work that are asked in the census. Suppose the mean travel time to work from the most recent census is 24.1 minutes, with a standard deviation of 4.5 minutes. Your sample of 102 US workers…Inspired by the example about how background music influences choice of entrée at a restaurant, a statistics student decided to investigate other ways to influence a person's behavior. Using 60 volunteers, she randomly assigned 20 volunteers to get a "red" survey, 20 volunteers to get a "blue" survey, and 20 volunteers to get a control survey. The first three questions on each survey were the same, but the fourth and fifth questions were different. For example, the fourth question on the "red" survey was "When you think of the color red, what do you think about?" On the blue survey, the question replaced red with blue. On the control survey, the last two questions were not about color. As a reward, each volunteer was allowed to choose a chocolate candy in a red wrapper or a chocolate candy in a blue wrapper. The table shows the result of the experiment. We want to test Ho: The distribution of candy choice is the same for subjects like these who receive the red survey, the blue survey,…Even though Puerto Rico is a commonwealth of the United States, there are many cultural differences between the states on the continent and the island of Puerto Rico. These differences include the way consumers handle problems with purchases. Two researchers surveyed owners of DVD players in the Northeast United States and in Puerto Rico. They asked those who had experienced problems with their DVD players whether they complained. The results are given in the table below. Location Complained? United States Puerto Rico No 94 33 Yes 330 64
- Suppose a researcher is trying to understand what makes living in a particular city desirable. She uses a list from a popular magazine of the current top 50 desirable cities to live in. Each city was given a desirability score by the magazine's viewers. The researcher is curious about how well she can predict those scores using only two independent variables: the number of miles to the closest airport and the median home price. She obtains the values for number of miles to the closest airport and median home price for each of the 50 cities and calculates the following values: Zero-Order Correlations: # of Miles to the Closest Airport and Median Home Price City Desirability Rating # of Miles to the Closest Airport Median Home Price City Desirability Rating 1.0001.000 −0.447−0.447 0.6040.604 # of Miles to the Closest Airport 1.0001.000 −0.066−0.066 Median Home Price 1.000 The researcher computes the partial correlation of 0.6440.644 between the city…Identify each of the variables as quantitative or categorical. Also, identify each of the variables as an explanatory variable or a response variable.A 2009 Pew Research Center survey asked a sample of 1,504 adults living in the United States for their opinions on recent technological advancements, such as online shopping, cell phones, and social networking. Respondents categorized each advancement as a change for the worse, hasn't made much difference, a change for the better, or don't know. A summary of respondents' opinions on the Internet follows: Response Change for the worse Hasn't made much difference Change for the better. Don't know Percent of Respondents 16 11 65 8 Make a bar graph of the relative frequency distribution of the responses.
- Inspired by the example about how background music influences choice of entrée at a restaurant, a statistics student decided to investigate other ways to influence a person's behavior. Using 60 volunteers, she randomly assigned 20 volunteers to get a "red" survey, 20 volunteers to get a “blue” survey, and 20 volunteers to get a control survey. The first three questions on each survey were the same, but the fourth and fifth questions were different. For example, the fourth question on the "red" survey was "When you think of the color red, what do you think about?" On the blue survey, the question replaced red with blue. On the control survey, the last two questions were not about color. As a reward, each volunteer was allowed to choose a chocolate candy in a red wrapper or a chocolate candy in a blue wrapper. The table shows the result of the experiment. The statistics student will use a chi-square test for homogeneity to analyze her findings. Color of candy Red Red 13 Blue 7 Total 20…Suppose that you conduct a study in which you observe parents and their children interacting at home. You find that the more supportive parents are, the less aggressive their children are. What conclusion can you make? Children being aggressive causes parents to be less supportive. Level of support and aggression are positively correlated. Level of support and aggression are negatively correlated. Parents being more supportive causes children to be less aggressive.Rewrite the following sentence to remove its primary problem "We hypothesize that grade level has an effect on academic success."
- Read through this scenario and look at the data that was collected. State the null and all possible research hypotheses. Review the results below (I used SPSS) and answer the questions that follow. Scenario: A researcher wants to see if gender and/or income affect the total amount of help given to a stranger who is sitting on the side of a busy road with a sign asking for help. The independent variables are gender, income, and the interaction of gender and income. The dependent variable is total help. He wants to know if one or both factors – or the interaction of the two - affect the total amount of help offered. Because he is analyzing two independent variables (gender and income), he used a factorial ANOVA. His results show the main effect of each of the independent variables on the dependent variable (total help) and the interaction effect. The researcher is using a 95% confidence interval which means that he wants to be at least 95% sure that his independent variables…In a few sentences come up with your own idea for either an experimental OR observational study. Why would this study be either experimental or observational? Identify the explanatory and response variablesSuppose you are conducting a study about how the average US worker spends time over the course of a workday. You are interested in how much time workers spend per day on personal calls, emails, and social networking websites, as well as how much time they spend socializing with coworkers versus actually working. The most recent census provides data for the entire population of US workers on variables such as travel time to work, time spent at work, and break time at work. The census, however, does not include data on the variables you are interested in, so you obtain a random sample of 83 full-time workers in the United States and ask about personal calls, emails, and so forth. You are curious about how your sample compares with the census, so you also ask the workers the same questions about work that are asked in the census. Suppose the mean time spent at work per day from the most recent census is 8.32 hours, with a standard deviation of 0.91 hours. Your sample of 83 US workers…