Test for Monosaccharides: Clinistix Carbohydrate molecules range from the very simple to the very complex. The word “saccharide” means sugar, while the prefixes “mono”, “di” and “poly” categorize carbohydrates according to how many simple sugar molecules are joined together to form the carbohydrate. To test for the presence of monosaccharide, we will be using Clinistix (a product that is used to test for the presence of glucose in urine). See the label (in video) for details. These test strips are used by dipping the colored end into the solution, then comparing the color to the chart on the bottle. The positive color(s) is/are __________________________. The negative color is ________________.
Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
Test for Monosaccharides: Clinistix
Carbohydrate molecules range from the very simple to the very complex. The word “saccharide” means sugar, while the prefixes “mono”, “di” and “poly” categorize carbohydrates according to how many simple sugar molecules are joined together to form the carbohydrate.
To test for the presence of monosaccharide, we will be using Clinistix (a product that is used to test for the presence of glucose in urine). See the label (in video) for details. These test strips are used by dipping the colored end into the solution, then comparing the color to the chart on the bottle. The positive color(s) is/are __________________________. The negative color is ________________.
Test for Starch (a Polysaccharide): Povidone Iodide Test
Plant cells manufacture glucose molecules during photosynthesis and store them in large starch molecules. Because starch is a long chain of many glucose units all joined together, it is a polysaccharide. Povidone Iodide (which is normally amber-brown) will undergo a characteristic color change in the presence of starch. See the example in the video: The positive color(s) is/are __________________________. The negative color is ________________.
Test for Protein: Clinistix
Proteins are the building blocks of most tissues. To test for the presence of protein, we will be using Clinistix (a product that is used to test for the presence of protein in urine). See the label for details. These test strips are used by dipping the colored end into the solution, then comparing the color to the chart on the bottle. The positive color(s) is/are __________________________. The negative color is ________________.
Test for Fats (a Lipid): Brown Paper Test
Fats are large molecules that are used to store energy in cells. As you know if you’ve ever tried to mix oil and water, lipids do not mix well with water. (They are hydrophobic.) We will test for the presence of fats using plain old brown paper.
- Place a few drops of oil (whatever you have on hand) on the brown paper bag. Write “oil” on this area.
- Place a few drops of water on the brown paper bag. Write “water” on this area.
- Let dry. If you put it under a light (like a desk lamp) it will dry out faster.
- Compare the two pieces of paper. How do they look different?
Positive:
Negative:
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