1. 2. List which carbohydrates are described as simple and which are complex? Briefly describe the general structures of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides (include the difference between starch and glycogen. Unbranched, occasional branching, and highly branched and how chemical structure effects function). Name the three monosaccharides considered to be important in nutrition, name the three disaccharides commonly found in foods and their component monosaccharides. Then name the foods these sugars are commonly found in (both mono and disaccharides).
Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
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