Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum Countries Machinery (M) (units) Petroleum (P) (units) United States 80 40 Mexico 60 180 Reference: Ref 8-2 Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum (Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum) Use Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum. In the United States the opportunity cost of producing 40 units of machinery is _____ units of petroleum. Question 10 options: 40 80 20 60

Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum Countries Machinery (M) (units) Petroleum (P) (units) United States 80 40 Mexico 60 180 Reference: Ref 8-2 Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum (Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum) Use Table: Production Possibilities for Machinery and Petroleum. In the United States the opportunity cost of producing 40 units of machinery is _____ units of petroleum. Question 10 options: 40 80 20 60

Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter20: Economic Growth

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19RQ: What do economists mean when they refer to improvements in technology?

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Similar questions

You just got a job in Washington, D.C. You move into an apartment with some acquaintances. All your roommates, however, are slackers and do not clean up after themselves. You, on the other hand, can clean faster than each of them. You determine that you are 70 faster at dishes and 10 faster with vacuuming. All of these tasks have to be done daily. Which jobs should you assign to your roommates to get the most free time overall? Assume you have the same number of hours to devote to cleaning. Now, since you are faster, you seem to get done quicker than your roommate. What sorts of problems may this create? Can you imagine a trade- related analogy to this problem?
Review the numbers for Canada and Venezuela from Table 33.12 which describes how many barrels of oil and tons of lumber the workers can produce. Use these numbers to answer the rest of this question. Draw a production possibilities frontier for each country. Assume there are 100 workers in each country. Canadians and Venezuelans desire both oil and lumber. Canadians want at least 2,000 tons of lumber. Mark a point on their production possibilities where they can get at least 3,000 tons. Assume that the Canadians specialize completely because they figured out they have a comparative advantage in lumber. They are willing to give up 1,000 tons of lumber. How much oil should they ask for in return for this lumber to be as well off as they were with no trade? How much should they ask for if they want to gain from trading with Venezuela? Note: We can think of this ask as the relative price or trade price of lumber. Is the Canadian ask you identified in (b) also beneficial for Venezuelans? Use the production possibilities frontier graph for Venezuela to show that Venezuelans can gain from trade.
How can there be any economic gains for a country from both importing and exporting the same good, like cars?
Table 33.15 shows how the average costs of production for semiconductors (the chips In computer memories) change as the quantity of semiconductors built at that factory increases. Based on these data, sketch a curve with quantity produced on the horizontal axis and average cost of production on the vertical axis. How does the curve illustrate economies of scale? If the equilibrium quantity of semiconductors demanded is 90,000, can this economy take full advantage of economies of scale? What about if quantity demanded is 70,000 semiconductors? 50,000 semiconductors? 30,000 semiconductors? Explain how international trade could make it possible for even a small economy to take full advantage of economies of scale, while also benefiting from competition and the variety offered by several producers.
Is it possible to have a comparative advantage in the production of a good but not to have an absolute advantage? Explain.
Look at Exercise 33.2. Compute the opportunity costs of producing sweaters and wine in both France and Tunisia. Who has the lowest opportunity cost of producing sweaters and who has the lowest opportunity cost of producing wine? Explain what it means to have a lower opportunity cost.
What is comparative advantage?
What does a production possibilities frontier illustrate?
Technological innovations shift the production possibility curve. Look at graph you sketched for Exercise 12.13 Which types of technologies should a country promote? Should clean technologies be promoted over other technologies? Why or why not?
Why does the United States not have an absolute advantage in coffee?
How does comparative advantage lead to gains from trade?
In France it takes one worker to produce one sweater, and one worker to produce one bottle of wine. In Tunisia it takes two workers to produce one sweater, and three workers to produce one bottle of wine. Who has the absolute advantage in production of sweaters? Who has the absolute advantage in the production of wine? How can you tell?