Suppose you want to study the effectiveness of calculators in College math classrooms by giving subset of the students in each classroom calculators. Would you use an experimental or observational study? and why?
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Suppose you want to study the effectiveness of calculators in College math classrooms by giving subset of the students in each classroom calculators.
Would you use an experimental or observational study? and why?
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- As you read about each study, (a) classify the type of research that it reflects, and (b) identify the kinds of conclusions that might reasonably be drawn from the results. During their 8th- and 11th-grade school years, students in the Ranger School District take standardized achievement tests designed to assess their language and math skills. The superintendent receives a report showing how Ranger students compare with those in many other school districts across the nation. The superintendent discusses the results with the school principals. (a) Classify the research as one of the following: Quantitative/descriptive Quantitative/correlational Quantitative/experimental Quantitative/quasi-experimental Qualitative Mixed methods, and then (b) Identify one or more conclusions that might reasonably be drawn from this study and, if relevant, one or more conclusions that cannot be drawn from the studyA study investigated the relationship between audit delay and variables that describe the client and the auditor. The file Audit contains data from a sample of 40 companies on the following set of variables: Delay: The length of time from a company's fiscal year-end to the date of the auditor's report. Industry: A dummy variable coded 1 if the firm was an industrial company or 0 if the firm was a bank, savings and loan, or insurance company. Public: A dummy variable coded 1 if the company was traded on an organized exchange or over the counter; otherwise coded 0. Quality: A measure of overall quality of internal controls, as judged by the auditor, on a five-point scale ranging from "virtually none" (1) to "excellent" (5). Finished: A measure ranging from 1 to 4, as judged by the auditor, where 1 indicates "all work performed subsequent to year-end" and indicates 4 "most work performed prior to year-end." Click on the datafile logo to reference the data. Consider a model in which…What are the strengths and the weaknesses of experimental designs?
- You may need to use the appropriate technology to answer this question. The Consumer Reports Restaurant Customer Satisfaction Survey is based upon 148,599 visits to full-service restaurant chains.† One of the variables in the study is meal price, the average amount paid per person for dinner and drinks, minus the tip. Suppose a reporter for a local newspaper thought that it would be of interest to her readers to conduct a similar study for restaurants located in her city. The reporter selected a sample of 8 seafood restaurants, 8 Italian restaurants, and 8 steakhouses. The following data show the meal prices ($) obtained for the 24 restaurants sampled. Italian Seafood Steakhouse $13 $15 $24 14 19 18 16 18 22 17 25 24 17 22 21 19 16 23 16 18 26 32 11 34 Use ? = 0.05 to test whether there is a significant difference among the mean meal price for the three types of restaurants. State the null and alternative hypotheses. H0: ?Italian = ?Seafood = ?SteakhouseHa:…You will conduct a study of 100 people with cancer to better understand people's view the role of nutrition in their cancer diagnosis and treatment. This mixed methods study will include quantitative data collection from all 100 persons and qualitative data collection from about 20 persons. Your aims to to describe: o Describe sources of information about cancer-related nutrition (who did they learn cancer- related information from?) o Assess knowledge about cancer-related nutrition o Understand nutrition-related behaviors people changed due to their cancer diagnosis or treatment State which aims would best be measured with quantitative data and which aims would best be measured with qualitative data. Explain why you would use quantitative or qualitative data collection for each.This research was conducted with Korean adolescents in the Los Angeles area. Would you be willing to generalize the results of this study to Korean adolescents who live in other regions of the country? Why or why not.
- You oversee assessing different training methods for effectiveness. You have data on 4 methods: Method 1 (?1 = 87, ?1= 12), Method 2 (?2= 92, ?2 = 14), Method 3 (?3= 88, ?3 = 15), and Method 4 (?4=75, ?4 = 11). Test for differences among these means, assuming ??B=64.81 and ??T=399.45.The Consumer Reports Restaurant Customer Satisfaction Survey is based upon 148,599 visits to full-service restaurant chains (Consumer Reports website). One of the variables in the study is meal price, the average amount paid per person for dinner and drinks, minus the tip. Suppose a reporter for the Sun Coast Times thought that it would be of interest to her readers to conduct a similar study for restaurants located on the Grand Strand section in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The reporter selected a sample of 8 seafood restaurants, 8 Italian restaurants, and 8 steakhouses. The following data show the meal prices ($) obtained for the 24 restaurants sampled. Use a = 0.05 to test whether there is a significant difference among the mean meal price for the three types of restaurants. Source Sum of Squares Degrees Mean Square F P-value of Variation (to whole number) of Freedom (to 2 decimals) (to 2 decimals) (to 4 decimals) X X (X) * X * * Treatments Error Total The p-value is less than 0.01…Auditors must make judgments about various aspects of an audit on the basis of their own direct experience, indirect experience, or a combination of the two. In a study, auditors were asked to make judgmentS about the frequency of errors to be found in an audit. The judgments by the auditors were then compared to the actual results. Suppose the following data were obtained from a similar study; lower scores indicate better judgments. If answer is zero enter "0". Direct Indirect Combination 18.0 17.8 15.6 17.8 19.2 16.3 14.0 17.0 21.4 20.2 19.1 24.3 19.1 20.3 24.5 24.8 20.9 27.0 26.7 25.0 23.9 Source Sum of Degrees Mean Square F p-value of Squares of (to 2 (to 2 (to 2 Variation (to 2 decimals) Freedom decimals) decimals) decimals) Treatments Error Total Use a = 0.05 to test to see whether the basis for the judgment affects the quality of the judgment. The p-value is - Select your answer - What is your conclusion? Select your answer -
- In a few sentences come up with your own idea for either an experimental OR observational study. Why would this study be either experimental or observational? Identify the explanatory and response variablesSuppose you are conducting a study about how the average US worker spends time over the course of a workday. You are interested in how much time workers spend per day on personal calls, emails, and social networking websites, as well as how much time they spend socializing with coworkers versus actually working. The most recent census provides data for the entire population of US workers on variables such as travel time to work, time spent at work, and break time at work. The census, however, does not include data on the variables you are interested in, so you obtain a random sample of 83 full-time workers in the United States and ask about personal calls, emails, and so forth. You are curious about how your sample compares with the census, so you also ask the workers the same questions about work that are asked in the census. Suppose the mean time spent at work per day from the most recent census is 8.32 hours, with a standard deviation of 0.91 hours. Your sample of 83 US workers…The authors of a paper compared two different methods for measuring body fat percentage. One method uses ultrasound, and the other method uses X-ray technology. Body fat percentages using each of these methods for 16 athletes (a subset of the data given in a graph that appeared in the paper) are given in the accompanying table. You can assume that the 16 athletes who participated in this study are representative of the population of athletes. Athlete X-ray Ultrasound 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 5.00 8.00 9.25 12.00 17.25 29.50 5.50 6.00 8.00 13.50 9.25 11.00 12.00 14.00 17.00 18.00 4.25 4.75 9.00 11.75 17.00 27.50 6.50 6.75 8.75 14.50 9.50 12.00 12.25 15.50 18.00 18.25 Use these data to estimate the difference in mean body fat percentage measurement for the two methods. Use a confidence level of 95%. (Use μ = MX-ray-Multrasound. Round your answers to three decimal places.) × % Interpret the interval in context. O There is a 95% chance that the true mean body fat percentage…
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