Cranberry juice It’s common folk wisdom that drinkingcranberry juice can help prevent urinary tract infections inwomen. In 2001 the British Medical Journal reported theresults of a Finnish study in which three groups of50 women were monitored for these infections over 6months. One group drank cranberry juice daily, another group drank a lactobacillus drink, and the third drank nei-ther of those beverages, serving as a control group. In the control group, 18 women developed at least one infection,compared to 20 of those who consumed the lactobacillusdrink and only 8 of those who drank cranberry juice. Doesthis study provide supporting evidence for the value ofcranberry juice in warding off urinary tract infections?a) Is this a survey, a retrospective study, a prospectivestudy, or an experiment? Explain.b) Will you test goodness-of-fit, homogeneity, orindependence?c) State the hypotheses.d) Test the conditions.e) How many degrees of freedom are there?f) Find x2and the P-value.g) State your conclusion. h) If you concluded that the groups are not the same, ana-lyze the differences using the standardized residuals of your calculations.

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Cranberry juice It’s common folk wisdom that drinking
cranberry juice can help prevent urinary tract infections in
women. In 2001 the British Medical Journal reported the
results of a Finnish study in which three groups of
50 women were monitored for these infections over 6
months. One group drank cranberry juice daily, another
group drank a lactobacillus drink, and the third drank nei-
ther of those beverages, serving as a control group. In the
control group, 18 women developed at least one infection,
compared to 20 of those who consumed the lactobacillus
drink and only 8 of those who drank cranberry juice. Does
this study provide supporting evidence for the value of
cranberry juice in warding off urinary tract infections?
a) Is this a survey, a retrospective study, a prospective
study, or an experiment? Explain.
b) Will you test goodness-of-fit, homogeneity, or
independence?
c) State the hypotheses.
d) Test the conditions.
e) How many degrees of freedom are there?
f) Find x2
and the P-value.
g) State your conclusion.
h) If you concluded that the groups are not the same, ana-
lyze the differences using the standardized residuals of
your calculations.
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