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- Strayer and colleagues have conducted many studies on the effects of cell phones on driver safety. In a typical study, participants are asked to drive through a neighbourhood in a driving simulator. Occasionally, and obstacle appears (a dog runs into the road, an area is closed off for construction, a traffic light suddenly turns red) and they measure the time required to brake (in seconds). In one study, 32 participants were randomly assigned to drive the route either in silence, or while talking to a confederate on a hands-free cell phone. Half the participants drove through a “novel” neighbourhood they had never seen before, and half drove through a simulation of their own neighbourhood. The JAMOVI analyses of this study are attached. Which of the following is a correct description of the interaction (select all that apply)? in the second imageA University conducted a survey of its recent graduates to collect demographic and health information for future planning purposes as well as to assess students’ satisfaction with their undergraduate experiences. The survey revealed that a substantial proportion of students were not engaging in regular exercise, many felt their nutrition was poor and a substantial number were smoking. In response to a question on regular exercise, 60% of all graduates reported getting no regular exercise 25% reported exercising sporadically and 15% reported exercising regularly as undergraduates. The next year the University launched a health promotion campaign on campus in an attempt to increase health behaviours among undergraduates. The program included modules on exercise, nutrition and(3)L-27244 3 smoking cessation. To evaluate the impact of the program, the University again surveyed graduates and asked the same questions. The survey was completed by 470 graduates and the following data were…Researchers were interested in studying the relationship between living location (Manhattan vs. other boroughs of NYC) and anxiety. Researchers decided to randomly select 50 residents from Manhattan and 40 residents from the other four boroughs. All were free from anxiety disorders at the start of the study. They then followed the participants for three years to determine how many in each group developed an anxiety disorder. Among residents of Manhattan, 18 out of 50 developed an anxiety disorder. Among residents of the other four boroughs, 12 out of 40 developed an anxiety disorder. Question : The risk of developing an anxiety disorder for those living in Manhattan was _______ times the risk of developing an anxiety disorder for those living in the other boroughs.
- A new study by Brent Teasdal and Eric Silver (Social Problems, February 2009) argues the neighborhood in which children are raised has more to do with their tendency to commit crimes than parents' efforts to keep their kids on the straight-and-narrow. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, the researchers found that regardless of a teen's race, age, gender, or family structure, those who live in lower socioeconomic areas were more likely to commit crimes than those in affluent areas. And that finding held regardless of the lessons parents taught their kids at home. Based on this description, which of the follow is the dependent variable for that study? O Committing crimes Socioeconomic status of the neighborhood Parenting behaviors AgeStudy 1: A study was conducted using a sample of 200 customers of a large department store. As each customer left the store, they were asked their age and how long they had spent in the store. Their ages were classified into three groups, under 25 years, 25 to 40 years and over 40 years. The study found that younger customers generally spend less time in the store. Study 2: Research suggests that people may be able to endure pain and discomfort better in the afternoon than in the morning. A dental researcher conducted a study by taking a random sample of 100 patients who had undergone similar treatment. Whether the patient received treatment in the morning or afternoon was recorded and then each patient was interviewed and a pain and discomfort tolerance score was assessed for them. Study 3: Biologists suspect that the decline in the numbers of Silver Sword plants on the Hawaiian islands is due to goats eating them. A study is to be conducted in a national park in Hawaii to test this…Read through this scenario and look at the data that was collected. State the null and all possible research hypotheses. Review the results below (I used SPSS) and answer the questions that follow. Scenario: A researcher wants to see if gender and / or income affects the total amount of help given to a stranger who is sitting on the side of a busy road with a sign asking for help. The independent variables are gender, income, and the interaction of gender and income. The dependent variable is total help. He wants to know if one or both factors – or the interaction of the two - affects the total amount of help offered. Because he is analyzing two independent variables (gender and income), he used a factorial ANOVA. His results show the main effect of each of the independent variables on the dependent variable (total help) and the interaction effect. The researcher is using a 95% confidence interval which means that he wants to be at least 95% sure that his independent variables…
- Outline the components of the classical experimental design. How is it different from a one-group pre-test post-test design?Of all sports, football accounts for the highest incidence of concussion in the United States due to the large number of athletes participating and the nature of the sport. While there is general agreement that concussion incidence can be reduced by making rule changes and teaching proper tackling technique, there remains debate as to whether helmet design may also reduce the incidence of concussion. Rowson et al. (2014) report on a retrospective analysis of head impact data collected between 2005 and 2010 from eight collegiate football teams. Concussion rates for players wearing two types of helmets, Riddell VSR4 and Riddell Revolution, were compared. A total of 1,281,444 head impacts were recorded, from which 64 concussions were diagnosed. The relative risk of sustaining a concussion in a Revolution helmet compared with a VSR4 helmet was 46.1%. This study illustrates that differences in the ability to reduce concussion risk exist between helmet models in football. Although helmet…Appalachian Bear Rescue (ABR) is a not-for-profit organization located near the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. ABR's programs include the rehabilitation of orphaned and injured black bears, as well as research and education about Appalachian black bears. ABR provides the most natural environment possible for rehabilitating black bears before their release back into the wild. Recently, Katie Settlage performed a study to learn more about the Appalachian black bear population in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. She and a team of researchers found 68 black bears in the park and took measurements such as paw size, weight, and shoulder height. The stem-and-leaf plots below show the shoulder heights (in centimeters) of the 40 male and 28 female bears from the study. Shoulder Heights (in cm) of Male Bears Shoulder Heights (in cm) of Female Bears 4 9 Key: 4 9 = 49 Key: 5|0 = 50 5 7 8 9 71 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 788 8 123 4 4 5 6 79 90 0 3 6 79 7 8 1 2 3 3 3 33 4 6 7 555 5…
- The authors of a paper compared two different methods for measuring body fat percentage. One method uses ultrasound, and the other method uses X-ray technology. Body fat percentages using each of these methods for 16 athletes (a subset of the data given in a graph that appeared in the paper) are given in the accompanying table. You can assume that the 16 athletes who participated in this study are representative of the population of athletes. Athlete X-ray 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 5.00 13.00 9.25 12.00 17.25 29.50 5.50 6.00 8.00 11.50 9.25 11.00 12.00 14.00 17.00 18.00 Ultrasound 4.50 9.75 9.00 11.75 17.00 27.50 6.50 6.75 8.75 12.50 9.50 12.00 12.25 15.50 18.00 18.25 Use these data to estimate the difference in mean body fat percentage measurement for the two methods. Use a confidence level of 95%. (Use μ = x-ray ultrasound. Round your answers to three decimal places.) 1% - Interpret the interval in context. O We are 95% confident that the true mean body fat percentage…When evaluating the effectiveness of a newly invented psychological treatment to people having illusions, a psychologist plans to adopt an AB design. Give this psychologist two design recommendations for the evaluation study . Describe what additional design needed to be added to obtain data in evaluating any potential long term effect of the treatmentAmit Almor, a psychology researcher at the University of South Carolina, conducted a series of experiments on conversation and attention level. He found that subjects were four times more distracted while preparing to speak or speaking than when they were listening. This research has many implications, including those for the issue of using cell phones while driving. You decide to explore this issue by having three different groups try tracking a fast-moving target on a computer screen. The first group is preparing to speak, the second group is speaking, and the third group is listening to a conversation. The sample mean and sum of squares of the scores for each of the three groups are presented in the following table. Group Sample Mean Sum of Squares Preparing to speak 98.3 7,2810.0900 Speaking 101.5 6,6156.8100 Listening 103.2 70,277.7600 After collecting the data, you analyze the data using an ANOVA. The results of your analysis are presented in the following…
