Suppose that, in the absence of enzyme, the forward rate constant, kf, for the conversion of S to P is 10-4 s-¹ and the reverse rate constant, kR, for the conversion of P to S is 10-6 s-¹. 10-45-1 10-6-1 What is the equilibrium constant, K, and what is the AG, or standard free-energy change at pH 7, for the uncatalyzed reaction? K = KF = S P K = Suppose an enzyme enhances the rate of the reaction 100 fold. What are the KF and kr values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction? AGO! S-1 KR = What are the K and AG' values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction? = AGO! = kJ.mol-1 8-1 kJ.mol-1
Suppose that, in the absence of enzyme, the forward rate constant, kf, for the conversion of S to P is 10-4 s-¹ and the reverse rate constant, kR, for the conversion of P to S is 10-6 s-¹. 10-45-1 10-6-1 What is the equilibrium constant, K, and what is the AG, or standard free-energy change at pH 7, for the uncatalyzed reaction? K = KF = S P K = Suppose an enzyme enhances the rate of the reaction 100 fold. What are the KF and kr values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction? AGO! S-1 KR = What are the K and AG' values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction? = AGO! = kJ.mol-1 8-1 kJ.mol-1
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![**Title: Understanding Reaction Kinetics in Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Processes**
Suppose that, in the absence of enzyme, the forward rate constant, \( k_F \), for the conversion of S to P is \( 10^{-4} \, \text{s}^{-1} \) and the reverse rate constant, \( k_R \), for the conversion of P to S is \( 10^{-6} \, \text{s}^{-1} \).
\[
\text{S} \, \overset{10^{-4} \, \text{s}^{-1}}{\underset{10^{-6} \, \text{s}^{-1}}{\rightleftharpoons}} \, \text{P}
\]
### What is the equilibrium constant, \( K \), and what is the \( \Delta G^{o'} \), or standard free-energy change at pH 7, for the uncatalyzed reaction?
\[
K = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\]
\[
\Delta G^{o'} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}
\]
### Suppose an enzyme enhances the rate of the reaction 100 fold. What are the \( k_F \) and \( k_R \) values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
\[
k_F = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s}^{-1}
\]
\[
k_R = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s}^{-1}
\]
### What are the \( K \) and \( \Delta G^{o'} \) values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
\[
K = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\]
\[
\Delta G^{o'} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}
\]
**Explanation of Diagrams:**
The reaction scheme shows a simple conversion of substrate \( \text{S} \) to product \( \text{P} \) with given forward and reverse rate constants. The rate enhancement by the enzyme is quantified by increasing both rate constants in parallel, maintaining the original equilibrium constant.
Consider using this exercise to explore how enzymes can](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F67028db1-3c15-42d7-aa43-8659f6c3f0f2%2F118a0d9e-6a80-4c99-b407-c9656d2a59b2%2F3lc2xll_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Reaction Kinetics in Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Processes**
Suppose that, in the absence of enzyme, the forward rate constant, \( k_F \), for the conversion of S to P is \( 10^{-4} \, \text{s}^{-1} \) and the reverse rate constant, \( k_R \), for the conversion of P to S is \( 10^{-6} \, \text{s}^{-1} \).
\[
\text{S} \, \overset{10^{-4} \, \text{s}^{-1}}{\underset{10^{-6} \, \text{s}^{-1}}{\rightleftharpoons}} \, \text{P}
\]
### What is the equilibrium constant, \( K \), and what is the \( \Delta G^{o'} \), or standard free-energy change at pH 7, for the uncatalyzed reaction?
\[
K = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\]
\[
\Delta G^{o'} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}
\]
### Suppose an enzyme enhances the rate of the reaction 100 fold. What are the \( k_F \) and \( k_R \) values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
\[
k_F = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s}^{-1}
\]
\[
k_R = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s}^{-1}
\]
### What are the \( K \) and \( \Delta G^{o'} \) values for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
\[
K = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\]
\[
\Delta G^{o'} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}
\]
**Explanation of Diagrams:**
The reaction scheme shows a simple conversion of substrate \( \text{S} \) to product \( \text{P} \) with given forward and reverse rate constants. The rate enhancement by the enzyme is quantified by increasing both rate constants in parallel, maintaining the original equilibrium constant.
Consider using this exercise to explore how enzymes can
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