Suggest a reason why the proofreading step in protein synthesis takes place at the level of amino acid activation rather than that of codon–anticodon recognition.
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Suggest a reason why the proofreading step in protein synthesis takes place at the level of amino acid activation rather than that of codon–anticodon recognition.
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- briefly explain the importance of the degeneracy of the genetic code in the translation process. do not simply define the givenThe genetic code is both universal and degenerate. Explain how these aspects are an advantage, but also a potential disadvantage to heterologous protein production.Post-translational modification of proteins refers to the covalent and enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis. Give three (3) examples and briefly describe why the modification is important.
- Recall from the central dogma that DNA codes for mRNA, which then codes for protein. Also recall that directionality matters! DNA 3' TAC - CTA -AAT - TGC - TCG-ATT 5' mRNA 5' ???- ???- ???- ???- ???- ??? 3' protein ? ? ? ? ? (A) Indicate whether the DNA sequence provided is the sense strand or the antisense strand. ? that (B) For the DNA sequence given above, write out the mRNA sequence that results. (C) Now write the amino acid sequence that results from the mRNA sequence you wrote in part (B). Use the three-letter abbreviations for the amino acids. (D) What happens if the A that is bolded and underlined in the given DNA sequence is mutated (changed) to a C? How is the protein affected? This can be answered in a few words, but be specific! (E) Now let's pretend for a moment that the protein being affected is ATP-ADP translocase. What, if anything, would happen to the citric acid cycle? This should be answered in a few words/one sentence max.True or false: A fully assembled 70S ribosome is recruited to the mRNA just 5 ́ of the translation start site?Sequence: CCACCTGTACCCGGACACACCCTGGTGTCC 1. Identify the gene from which the querysequence originates (Name of gene) 2. Provide the FULLprotein sequence encoded by the gene. 3. Are different splice variants known for this gene? 4. What human disease has been connected to this gene? 5. Calculate molecular weight (kiloDalton, kD) and calculated pI (the pH where the protein carries no net electrical charge) of the protein.
- Original sequence: Consider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start): 5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’ Question: 4) In a mutant you discovered that the underlined nucleotide has been deleted. What would the resulting peptide sequence be? What type of mutation is this? 5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the only component of gene expression that decodes the genetic code. Explain.Translation work is an essential step for protein synthesis. In order for the protein to be synthesized what must be recognized first in translation? How does this important part in translation have an effect on the rest of the reaction? Please provide a valid argument. Be as detailed as possible.
- Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool in proteomics. What are the four key features of a mass spectrometer? Describe briefly how MALDI and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis could be used to identify a protein expressed in cancer cells but not in normal healthy cells.BIOCHEMISTRY Which methodologies can be used to detect the expression of a given protein? Please provide pros and cons of each mentioned approach.Discuss the key factors & mechanisms during co-translational translocation by which START TRANSFER and STOP TRANSFER sequences help the protein generate appropriate number of transmembrane regions with N or C terminal on the designated side of the plasma membrane.(NO PLAGIARISM)