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Soil components wt% Kd (L/kg) Bulk density (g/cm³) Particle density (g/cm³) Sand 60 5 1.6 2.6 Silt 15 50 1.3 2.7 Clay 25 500 1.1 2.8 The following assumptions can be made:

Soil components wt% Kd (L/kg) Bulk density (g/cm³) Particle density (g/cm³) Sand 60 5 1.6 2.6 Silt 15 50 1.3 2.7 Clay 25 500 1.1 2.8 The following assumptions can be made:

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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Soil washing is employed to clean up hydrophobic hydrocarbons from a sandy loam soil consisting of 60% sand, 15% silt, and 25% clay. The soil adsorption coefficients (Ka) were estimated to be 5 L/kg for sand (Ka1), 50 L/kg for silt (Kaz), and 500 I/kg for clay (Kd3). The bulk densities and particle densities of each component are listed in the table. Soil components wt% Kd (L/kg) Bulk density (g/cm³)_Particle density (g/cm³) Sand 60 1.6 2.6 Silt 15 50 1.3 2.7 Clay 25 500 1.1 2.8 The following assumptions can be made: The soil has an initial contaminant concentration (Co) of 2000 mg/kg; A total mass (M†) of 5 million (5 × 10°) kg of soil need to be treated; A soil to water ratio of 1:10 is used, such that the total volume of aqueous surfactant solution is 5 x 107 L (V7); (i) (ii) (iii) After the first wash, the coarse-grained portion of sand can be considered clean and refilled on site after gråvity settling, and the fine-grained portions (silt and clay) will undergo further treatment by slurry-phase bioreactors to meet the regulatory (iv) requirement. The aqueous wash solution is discharged into a local sewage treatment plant. a) Demonstrate the percent of volume reduction using soil washing. b) Calculate the percent of contaminant retained in silt and clay portion, retained in the sand portion, and discharged in the washed water.
Transcribed Image Text:Soil washing is employed to clean up hydrophobic hydrocarbons from a sandy loam soil consisting of 60% sand, 15% silt, and 25% clay. The soil adsorption coefficients (Ka) were estimated to be 5 L/kg for sand (Ka1), 50 L/kg for silt (Kaz), and 500 I/kg for clay (Kd3). The bulk densities and particle densities of each component are listed in the table. Soil components wt% Kd (L/kg) Bulk density (g/cm³)_Particle density (g/cm³) Sand 60 1.6 2.6 Silt 15 50 1.3 2.7 Clay 25 500 1.1 2.8 The following assumptions can be made: The soil has an initial contaminant concentration (Co) of 2000 mg/kg; A total mass (M†) of 5 million (5 × 10°) kg of soil need to be treated; A soil to water ratio of 1:10 is used, such that the total volume of aqueous surfactant solution is 5 x 107 L (V7); (i) (ii) (iii) After the first wash, the coarse-grained portion of sand can be considered clean and refilled on site after gråvity settling, and the fine-grained portions (silt and clay) will undergo further treatment by slurry-phase bioreactors to meet the regulatory (iv) requirement. The aqueous wash solution is discharged into a local sewage treatment plant. a) Demonstrate the percent of volume reduction using soil washing. b) Calculate the percent of contaminant retained in silt and clay portion, retained in the sand portion, and discharged in the washed water.
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