Second base A UCU Phe UCC UUU UAU UGU Tyr Cys UUC UAC Ser UAA Stop UGA Stop A UGC UUA Leu UUG UCA UCG UAG Stop UGG Trp G CUU CCU CAU CGU His CUC Leu CUA CAC Pro CAA CCC CGC Arg CGA CCA CUG Gln CGG CCG CAG AUU AAU AGU Asn AAC ACU Ser AUC Ile A AUA AGC ACC Thr ACA AAA AGA AUG Met ACG Lys AAG AGG Arg GUU GCU GAU GGU Asp GAC GUC G GUA GCC Val GCA GGC Ala Gly GGA GAA Glu GAG GUG GCG GGG 15.10 The genetic code consists of 64 codons. First base Third base
Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains four polypeptide chains. The normal hemoglobin found in adults—called adult hemoglobin— consists of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains, which are encoded by different loci. Sickle-cell hemoglobin, which causes sicklecell anemia, arises from a mutation in the beta chain of adult hemoglobin. Adult hemoglobin and sickle-cell hemoglobin differ in a single amino acid: the sixth amino acid from one end in adult hemoglobin is glutamic acid, whereas sickle-cell hemoglobin has valine at this position. After consulting the genetic code provided in Figure 15.10, indicate the type and location of the mutation that gave rise to
sickle-cell anemia.

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