se the following information to set up a 2 x 2 table and calculate appropriate measure of association. The following are the results from a population-based study to investigate whether high fat consumption is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD): A total of 450 patients were selected from various hospitals and a total of 702 participants without CHD matched by age and sex were selected from the neighborhood where patient lived. A total of 405 CHD patients and 324 contr

se the following information to set up a 2 x 2 table and calculate appropriate measure of association. The following are the results from a population-based study to investigate whether high fat consumption is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD): A total of 450 patients were selected from various hospitals and a total of 702 participants without CHD matched by age and sex were selected from the neighborhood where patient lived. A total of 405 CHD patients and 324 contr

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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Whirling disease is a deadly disease that affects trout in Montana riversIn a follow-up to a 2006 study conducted by the Montana Department of FishWildlife and Parks (FWP)researchers sought to determine if the proportion of trout afflicted by whirling disease in the Gallatin river differs between rainbow trout and brown trout. To test this theory, researchers collected a representative sample of 527 rainbow trout and 459 brown trout. Of the 527 rainbow trout collected, 120 had developed whirling disease; of the 459 brown trout collected, 74 had developed whirling disease Calculate the relative risk of whirling disease for rainbow trout compared to brown trout in this sample.
A study is designed to test whether there is a difference in mean daily calcium intake in adults with normal bone density, adults with osteopenia (a low bone density which may lead to osteoporosis) and adults with osteoporosis. Adults 60 years of age with normal bone density, osteopenia and osteoporosis are selected at random from hospital records and invited to participate in the study. Each participant's daily calcium intake is measured based on reported food intake and supplements. The data are shown below. Is there a statistically significant difference in mean calcium intake in patients with normal bone density as compared to patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis?
Use the following information to answer Questions 39-40. In a small pilot study, 12 women with endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterus) and 12 women with no apparent disease were contacted and asked whether they had ever used estrogens. Each woman with cancer was matched by age, color, weight, and parity to a woman without disease. Question 39 What type of study design is this? O Cross-sectional study O Cohort study O Ecological study O Randomized controlled trial O Case-control study Question 40 Question 40 Calculate the appropriate measure of association based on the information below. Round your answer to two decimal places. Controls Exposed Not Exposed Exposed Not Exposed Cases
One study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 469 people who have brain cancer. The investigators then asked about the use of cell phones. Result: “Our data suggest that the use of hand- held cellular phones is not associated with risk of brain cancer. B . Based on this study, can you determine that cellular use does not CAUSE brain cancer? Why or why not?
An epidemiologist found five cases of “big toe cancer” in the Yukon Territory. Because there were only a few cases, the epidemiologist decided to conduct a matched case-control study to determine whether shoe size larger than 9 is a risk factor for big toe cancer. Cases were individually matched to one control for daily activity, history of athlete’s foot, and history of ingrown toenails. The following data were gathered: Shoe size > 9 Pair Case Control 1 Yes No 2 No No 3 No Yes 4 Yes Yes 5 No Yes Compute the proper measure of association. Interpret your results. If you were to investigate a rare cancer in Lynchburg, where might you look for data? What would be necessary legally and ethically to be able to utilize this data set(s)? Submit your thread by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of Module/Week 3, and submit your replies by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the same module/week. 1
Five samples of a ferrous-type substance were used to determine if there is a difference between a laboratory chemical analysis and an X-ray fluorescence analysis of the iron content. Each sample was split into two subsamples and the two types of analysis were applied, with the accompanying results. Assuming that the populations are normal, test at the 0.02 level of significance whether the two methods of analysis give, on the average, the same result. Click here to view the sample analyses. Click here to view page 1 of the table of critical values of the t-distribution. Click here to view page 2 of the table of critical values of the t-distribution. Let sample 1 be the X-ray fluorescence results and let sample 2 be the laboratory chemical results. State the null and alternative hypotheses. Ho: HD H1: HD + Identify the critical region. Select the correct choice below and fill in the answer box(es) to complete your choice. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) O A. t> В. t O C. t<
Results from the 2015 IPEDS Report indicate that about 1 out of 25 students at Mohawk Valley Community College identify themselves as being of Asian descent. Which of the following choices is the best estimate for the percentage of students at MVCC who identify themselves as of Asian descent? 0.4% 2.5% 0.04% 4% 25% 0.25%
4. How many determiners are part of the sample underlying the following statistical model? P(adj|det) = 0.2 P(noun adj) = 1 P(noun det) = 0.8 20 nouns 4 adjectives and ? determiners.
Attractiveness of body types has been a large discussion relating to effects on youth and culture. Unhealthy levels of BMI are often associated with beauty. A researcher decided to study how young heterosexual adults body type preferences related to BMI. Participants were asked to use a computer program to design their desired partner. The program then calculated the BMI of the designed partners. The table summarizes the results based on a SRS of 35 men and 48 women. BMI designed by men n=35 x-bar=18.850 stdev=1.750 SE Mean 0.277 BMI designed by women n=48 x-bar=25.860 stdev=4.215 SE Mean 0.625 Use this information to conduct a test to decide if male and/or female body type preferences are associated with healthy BMI measurements. You should have two complete tests here. You may assume the populations are normally distributed.
In each of the following settings, decide whether the samples are independent or dependent. Explain your choice.a. To test the wear characteristics of two tire brands, A and B, each brand of tire is randomly assigned to 50 cars of the same make and model.independentb. To test the effect of background music on productivity, factory workers are observed. For one month, each subject works without music. For another month, the subject works while listening to music on an MP3 player. The month in which each subject listens to music is determined by a coin toss.dependentc. A study was designed to compare the effectiveness of two weight-reducing diets. Fifty obese women who volunteered to participate were randomly assigned into two equal-sized groups. One group used Diet A and the other used Diet B. The weight of each woman was measured before the diet was assigned and again after 10 weeks on the diet.dependent
2. Two-factor ANOVA - Emphasis on calculations W. Thomas Boyce, a professor and pediatrician at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, has studied interactions between individual differences in physiology and differences in experience in determining health and well-being. Dr. Boyce found that some children are more sensitive to their environments. They do exceptionally well when the environment is supportive but are much more likely to have mental and physical health problems when the environment has challenges. You decide to do a similar study, conducting a factorial experiment to test the effectiveness of one environmental factor and one physiological factor on a physical health outcome. As the environmental factor, you choose two levels of oral hygiene. As the physiological factor, you choose three levels of cortisol value. The outcome is number of cavities, and the research participants are kindergartners. You conduct a two-factor ANOVA on the data. The two-factor ANOVA…
Identify whether the studies described here are based on (1) single samples, (2) paired samples, or (3) independent samples. Cardiovascular disease risk factors are compared in husbands and wives. A nutritional exam is applied to a random sample of individuals. Results are compared to the results of the whole nation. An investigator compares vaccination histories in 30 autistic schoolchildren to a simple random sample of non-autistic children from the same school district.