1. Scientists want to know whether people who exercise with music have a greater increase, on average, in exercise intensity than those who don’t listen to music. Two methods of collecting data are proposed: Method I: Recruit volunteers who are willing to participate. Randomly assign each participant to exercise with music or to exercise without music. Method II: Select a random sample from all people who exercise at the local YMCA. Ask each person if they listen to music or not and use the responses to create two groups. For each method, the researchers will record the change in targeted exercise for each person. They will compare the mean change of intensity between those who listen to music and those who don’t. i) Suppose the investigation produces a result that is statistically significant using both methods. What conclusion to which population can be made for each method? Justify your answer. ii) In Method I, suppose there are 50 volunteers. Describe how you would implement an experiment. iii) What is a possible confounding variable for Method II and explain how it could be confounding.
1. Scientists want to know whether people who exercise with music have a greater increase, on average, in
exercise intensity than those who don’t listen to music. Two methods of collecting data are proposed:
Method I: Recruit volunteers who are willing to participate. Randomly assign each participant to exercise
with music or to exercise without music.
Method II: Select a random sample from all people who exercise at the local YMCA. Ask each person if they
listen to music or not and use the responses to create two groups.
For each method, the researchers will record the change in targeted exercise for each person. They will
compare the mean change of intensity between those who listen to music and those who don’t.
i) Suppose the investigation produces a result that is statistically significant using both methods. What
conclusion to which population can be made for each method? Justify your answer.
ii) In Method I, suppose there are 50 volunteers. Describe how you would implement an experiment.
iii) What is a possible confounding variable for Method II and explain how it could be confounding.
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