Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question

Transcribed Image Text:**Using the mRNA Sequence Analysis**
The task involves analyzing the given mRNA sequence:
5’-GUCAGAUAUCAUGUAGGCUUAAGCCGUAGCAC-3’
### Objective
To determine the original double-stranded DNA sequence used to synthesize the above mRNA sequence and indicate specifics regarding the DNA strands.
### Instructions
1. **Write out the Double-Stranded DNA Sequence:**
- **mRNA Sequence:** 5’-GUCAGAUAUCAUGUAGGCUUAAGCCGUAGCAC-3’
- **Corresponding DNA Sequence:**
- mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA strand, which runs in the 3' to 5' direction.
- The coding DNA strand is complementary to the template strand and identical to the mRNA sequence (except T replaces U).
2. **Identify and Indicate 3’ and 5’ Ends on Both Strands:**
- The template strand is complementary and antiparallel to the mRNA.
- The coding strand is parallel and has the same sequence directionality as the mRNA, swapping uracil (U) for thymine (T).
3. **Determine Template and Coding Strands:**
- **Template Strand:** Serves as the base for mRNA synthesis. It pairs with the mRNA using complementary base pairing rules.
- **Coding Strand:** Has the same sequence as the mRNA (with T instead of U) and indicates the direction of coding.
### Analysis and Details
When transcribing DNA to mRNA:
- Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U)
- Uracil (U) pairs with Adenine (A)
- Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)
- Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)
#### Example Transcription
- **Template Strand (3’ to 5’):**
- 3’-CAGTCTATAGTACATCCGAATTCGGCATCGTG-5’
- **Coding Strand (5’ to 3’):** (matches mRNA sequence except T for U)
- 5’-GTCAGATATCATGTAGGCTTAAGCCGTAGCAC-3’
This transcription illustrates how mRNA is built using the template strand, while the coding strand reflects the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA.
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The central dogma suggest that the DNA contain the requisite information to make the all our proteins.
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