Regulation of the utilization of important nutritional and energysources is effected by the following strategies in metabolismEXCEPTDuring the absorptive stage, when nutrients are plentiful,storage pathways such as lipogenesis and glycogenesis are veryactiveB. During the post absorptive stage, the liver does not usedietary glucoseIncreased acetyl CoA due to the breakdown of fats willactivate the gluconeogenic and ketogenic pathways.Ketone bodies and glucose provides the only sources ofenergy for the brainActivation and deactivation of enzymes are mediated in mostcases by increasing or decreasing the concentration of allostericeffectors.

When diet is consumed it provides the body with carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrates act…

Answered: Regulation of the utilization of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Diabetes mellitus is characterized by insufficiency of thepancreas to produce enough insulin to regulate the blood sugarlevel. In type I diabetes, the pancreas produces no insulin, andthe patient is totally dependent on insulin from an externalsource to be infused at a rate to maintain blood sugar levelsat normal levels. Hyperglycemia occurs when blood glucoselevel rises much higher than the norm (>8 mmol/L) for pro-longed periods of time; hypoglycemia occurs when the blood sugar level falls below values of 3 mmol/L. Both situations canbe deleterious to the individual’s health. The normal range ofblood sugar is between 3.8 and 5.6 mmol/L, the target rangefor a controller regulating blood sugar.A patient with type I diabetes needs your help to maintainher blood sugar within an acceptable range (3 mmol/L<glucose<8 mmol/L). She has just eaten a large meal (a disturbance) that you estimate will release glucose accord-ing toD(t)=0.5e−0.05t,wheretis in minutes andD(t)is inmmol/L –…
A deficiency in which of the following B vitamins would result in symptoms similar to those seen in glycogen storage disorders such as McArdle Disease and Hers Disease? OPyridoxine (B6) Biotin (B7) Folic Acid (B9) Cobalamin (B12) all of the above
Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE about ketogenesis? I. It is favored during a low carbohydrate, high fat diet II. Acetoacetate is not soluble in water. Group of answer choices: -Only II is correct. -Both I and II are correct. -Neither I nor II is correct. -Only I is correct.
Can you explain the absorptive and postabsorptive states in metabolism and nutrition along with the hormones like insulin and glucagon along with their functions?
The brain can also use ketone bodies as fuel in addition to utilising glucose when it is present.Even the use of ketone bodies as a fuel source for the brain rather than glucose is supported by data.How are ketone bodies used by the brain? Discuss how brain metabolism is thought to be changed inneurodegenerative diseases(refer to the figure below) How does the brain benefit from using ketone bodies as fuel in these cases(refer to Figure below)Refer to the article " Effects of Ketone Bodies on Brain Metabolism and Function in Neurodegenerative Diseases" to answer the questions. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7699472/
Name the protein that is up-regulated after a high energy content meal in an effort to increase energy expenditure to prevent the development of obesity.
Outline the the role of circadian rhythm, hormones and receptors regulating appetite and metabolic activity.
Patient who had undergone a complex maxillofacial operation could not takefood during 2 days, but glucose level in the patient's blood during that period wason the lower limit of normal. What mechanisms facilitate the maintenance ofnormal level of glucose in prolonged starvation? To answer this question:a) indicate normal fasting blood glucose level;b) draw the metabolic pathway ensuring glucose synthesis in patient's body duringa period of starvation, mark the enzymes and coenzymes;c) list the substrates of this process and its localization.
A patient with pancreatic cancer has increased glucagon secretion. Which of the following would you expect this to cause? 1) decreased glycolysis 2) increased glycogen storage 3) decreased insulin secretion 4) increased blood glucose
After absorption, nearly all fructose enters hepatocytes (liver cells) on the first pass and enters glycolysis for energy production, or if consumed in excess will get transformed into triglycerides. True False
The hormone that directly stimulates metabolism by increasing lipolysis and indirectly stimulates metabolism by causing target cells to make IGFs is
Laxatives, including lubricants, are commonly used by patients at different age. How these affect the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins? Give some examples.

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