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Read the information on each card, and decide whether you think the organisms described are the same or different species, or somewhere in between. Look for key information, such as: • Do they interbreed? • Do they live in the same habitat? • Do they have different heritable traits? • Are there differences in their DNA?

Read the information on each card, and decide whether you think the organisms described are the same or different species, or somewhere in between. Look for key information, such as: • Do they interbreed? • Do they live in the same habitat? • Do they have different heritable traits? • Are there differences in their DNA?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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What evidence led to these decisions? There should be at least one line per pair.
Salmon & Goldfish Grizzly Bears & Polar Bears Since salmon and goldfish are both fish, they have many Grizzly bears live in diverse habitats in the norther hemi- traits in common. But they have many differences too. They live in different habitats, they eat different food, they sphere, where they eat a wide array of fruit, plants, and meat. Polar bears live in frozen lands to the north, where behave differently, they have very different anatomy-and they roam on ice sheets and hunt seals. The two bears they never interbreed. A large body of evidence shows have different anatomy and behavior, and they are broadly considered to be different species. DNA analysis estimates that they diverged from a common ancestor about 400,000 years ago. Yet once in awhile, at the edges of their ranges, they do meet and interbreed. Using genetic testing, re- searchers have identified multiple "grolar bear" hybrids in that they descended from a common ancestor, yet at some point in the distant past, maybe their ancestors weren't so different from one another. the wild. Fly Agaric Mushrooms Common & Australian Blacktip Sharks These poisonous mushrooms live in many places around the world. Different populations have different characteristics. Most are red with white spots, but others are yellow, orange, white, tan, or brown. Fly agaric mushrooms reproduce using spores, which can travel by wind across great The common blacktip shark lives in coastal waters around the world. The Australian blacktip shark, which lives off the coast of northern and eastern Australia, looks almost identical to the common blacktip-though it is smaller, it distances. Because they are isolated, with little chance of interbreeding, populations living on different continents have traditionally been considered different species. Yet DNA analysis has shown that even populations living in lives in warmer water, it has a different number of ver- tebrae, and it has unique genetic markers. The two types of sharks were once thought to reproduce only with their own kind. However, using genetic markers, scientists have North America form genetically distinct groups. Each found dozens of sharks off the coast of Australia that are group occupies a distinct habitat, and alleles do not mix freely between them. hybrids between common and Australian blacktips.
Transcribed Image Text:Salmon & Goldfish Grizzly Bears & Polar Bears Since salmon and goldfish are both fish, they have many Grizzly bears live in diverse habitats in the norther hemi- traits in common. But they have many differences too. They live in different habitats, they eat different food, they sphere, where they eat a wide array of fruit, plants, and meat. Polar bears live in frozen lands to the north, where behave differently, they have very different anatomy-and they roam on ice sheets and hunt seals. The two bears they never interbreed. A large body of evidence shows have different anatomy and behavior, and they are broadly considered to be different species. DNA analysis estimates that they diverged from a common ancestor about 400,000 years ago. Yet once in awhile, at the edges of their ranges, they do meet and interbreed. Using genetic testing, re- searchers have identified multiple "grolar bear" hybrids in that they descended from a common ancestor, yet at some point in the distant past, maybe their ancestors weren't so different from one another. the wild. Fly Agaric Mushrooms Common & Australian Blacktip Sharks These poisonous mushrooms live in many places around the world. Different populations have different characteristics. Most are red with white spots, but others are yellow, orange, white, tan, or brown. Fly agaric mushrooms reproduce using spores, which can travel by wind across great The common blacktip shark lives in coastal waters around the world. The Australian blacktip shark, which lives off the coast of northern and eastern Australia, looks almost identical to the common blacktip-though it is smaller, it distances. Because they are isolated, with little chance of interbreeding, populations living on different continents have traditionally been considered different species. Yet DNA analysis has shown that even populations living in lives in warmer water, it has a different number of ver- tebrae, and it has unique genetic markers. The two types of sharks were once thought to reproduce only with their own kind. However, using genetic markers, scientists have North America form genetically distinct groups. Each found dozens of sharks off the coast of Australia that are group occupies a distinct habitat, and alleles do not mix freely between them. hybrids between common and Australian blacktips.
Same or Different Species? The Species Continuum Background For organisms that reproduce with a partner, scientists generally define a species as a group of interbreeding individuals that don't breed with other groups. Using this definition, it's sometimes very clear when two organisms are separate species. Yet we also know that, through natural selection, populations change over time. How much does a population have to change before we can call it a new species? Part of the trickiness in defining a species comes from the fact that species do not often form in an instant. Usually, speciation is a process that happens gradually over long periods of time-typically thousands or even millions of years. What we can observe is just a snapshot of this process in time. Instructions 1. Get a set of Organism cards. 2. Read the information on each card, and decide whether you think the organisms described are the same or different species, or somewhere in between. Look for key information, such as: Do they interbreed? Do they live in the same habitat? Do they have different heritable traits? Are there differences in their DNA? 3. Arrange all of the cards in a line along a continuum: Definitely the Definitely different species Somewhere between same species
Transcribed Image Text:Same or Different Species? The Species Continuum Background For organisms that reproduce with a partner, scientists generally define a species as a group of interbreeding individuals that don't breed with other groups. Using this definition, it's sometimes very clear when two organisms are separate species. Yet we also know that, through natural selection, populations change over time. How much does a population have to change before we can call it a new species? Part of the trickiness in defining a species comes from the fact that species do not often form in an instant. Usually, speciation is a process that happens gradually over long periods of time-typically thousands or even millions of years. What we can observe is just a snapshot of this process in time. Instructions 1. Get a set of Organism cards. 2. Read the information on each card, and decide whether you think the organisms described are the same or different species, or somewhere in between. Look for key information, such as: Do they interbreed? Do they live in the same habitat? Do they have different heritable traits? Are there differences in their DNA? 3. Arrange all of the cards in a line along a continuum: Definitely the Definitely different species Somewhere between same species
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