QUESTION 72 Inactivated tetanus toxin is a(n) O inactivated whole-agent vaccine. subunit vaccine. O conjugated vaccine. O toxoid vaccine. O nucleic acid vaccine.

Q: QUESTION 1 Vaccination increases the number of: different receptors that can recognize a pathogen…

A: The term vaccination is associated with the action responsible for stimulating the human body’s…

Q: You are a bacterium in the bloodstream. What are you most likely to encounter? O complement proteins…

A: Immunity is the capability of the body to fight against foreign attacks and maintain the persistence…

Q: Which type of virus is shown here? head -capsid - viral DNA -sheath tail tobacco mosaic virus HIV…

A: Viruses are microscopic acellular organisms that form an intermediate group between living and non…

Q: Discuss the principles behind the use of the following techniques in diagnosis of viral infections:…

A: Viral infections are caused by viruses entering and replicating within host cells.Viruses are…

Q: Although this organism is a normal resident of the skin microbiota, it can cause infections…

A: A common resident of the skin microbiota is the bacterial species Staphylococcus epidermidis.…

Q: A nurse examines a patient's computerized tomography (CT) scan report showing a 2 cm tumor in the…

A: The TNM staging is the best method for staging the cancers.   Breast cancer has it's own TNM…

Q: QUESTION 20 The contains antigens. The The O O C CO C generate an immune response if food or mucus…

A: The branch of science that deals with the components of immune system is known as immunology. Immune…

Q: Part III-PGD? Suzanne and David decided to have children. They wanted to ensure that their children…

A: NOTE: according to the answering guidelines, I am going to answer only first question. Please post…

Q: QUESTION 15 The incubation period is: O When mild symptoms begin to appear O The time after exposure…

A: Introduction  We are surrounded by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungus etc. Every…

Q: Which class of antibody accounts for most of the circulating antibodies in the blood? O IgA O IgM O…

A: IgA, IgM, IgE and IgG are the antibodies present in the blood.  IgA present in blood: 10-15% IgM…

Q: Explain why the benefits of vaccinations far outweigh the risks of dangerous side effects.

A: Vaccine or vaccination is used to treat the disease or even provide immunity to the them.

Q: Question #3: A 75-year-old man, presented to the emergency room with fever, shortness of breath,…

A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple parts, we will solve the first three parts for…

Q: Question 49 Antigen-presenting cells O For helper T cells are typically macrophages O Place the…

A: An essential part of the immune system, antigen-presenting cells process and deliver antigens.…

Q: Question 5 Review 43.2. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. These…

A: Pathogens are the disease causing agent. The immune system removes pathogen from body.

Q: QUESTION 17 Animal viruses do all of the following except O Injecting their nucleic acid inside the…

A: The process of viral infection can vary depending on the specific virus and host, but here is a…

Q: Bonus: Edward Jenner is famous for developing a vaccine using Virus

A: Edward Jenner was an English scientist. He worked on the domain of vaccines. The product in…

Q: Question 24 Which of these is a major part of the immune system? O spleen O kidney O liver O heart

A: Our immune system is important for our survival. while not an system, our bodies would be open to…

Q: Typically associated with Influenza O the antigenic drift is a major antigenic change due to gene…

A: Influenza is a virus which cause infection in humans. It is commonly known as "the flu". The…

Q: Based only the information given, can you classify this outbreak as an endemic to South  Africa? Why…

A: Measels is a viral infection to which small children are easily prone. The outbreak can be prevented…

Q: _cells stimulate both arms of the immune response (one arm is self and the other arm is foreign)

A: According to guideliness we have to answer the first question only so please kindly post the 2nd…

Q: Over 126 children younger than 7 years of age developed Measles in Gauteng after visiting  various…

A: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that can cause fever, cough, runny nose, and rash. It…

Q: Question 2 A spreader was used to 1. to uniformly disperse bacteria across the surface of the agar…

A: Spread plate and pour plate are two standard techniques for the isolation of bacteria and fungi from…

Q: Epithelial cells infected with SARS COV-2 would have on their surface.

A: Epithelial cells are a type of cells that form the covering. These coverings are present  both the…

Q: Question # 3 1. List and describe the steps of the lytic and lysogenic viral cycles. Be sure to list…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which…

Q: QUESTION 85 Lectin binds to certain carbohydrates to begin the activation of the classical…

A: The classical complement pathway is one of the three mechanisms that activate the immune system,…

Q: Question 40       the immunoglobulin sequences involved in antigen binding is situated in:…

A: Antigen - It is any foreign particle that induces an immune response. Antibody - It is a protein…

Q: Question 13  Additional precautions (in addition to routine practices) should be used when treating…

A: Infection prevention and control is a scientific method and practical solution for preventing…

Q: The complement pathway is a series of steps and the final steps lead to an effector function…

A: The complement system helps or “complements” the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear…

Q: Thelper cells release to activate cytotoxic T cells --- O interleukin-2 interleukin-1 O antibodies O…

A: In the human body, the resistance against the entry of any foreign particle or antigens is executed…

Q: Question 12 Which disease produces Dane particles and what is their function? HIV produces Dane…

A: Disease is the condition in which healthy state of an organism is not maintained.

Q: Question 7 On which of these plates would you be most surprised to see colonies of E. coli growing…

A: Answer :  Option "1 , 2 & 4 " are correct  . 1) Antibiotics resistant E.coli on streptomycin…

Q: Question 93 Bonus: CRISPR-Cas 9 originally evolved as part of bacterial "immune response" against. O…

A: The CRISPR-Cas system is an immune system found in prokaryotes that provide  resistance to foreign…

Q: Question 26 Using the Duke Criteria for infective endocarditis, ______ is an example of a major…

A: Ans:: Endocarditis: The inflammation of the endocardium the inner  lining of the heart is referred…

Q: Question 64 The vertebrates that lack jaws are called O rays. O turtles. O lampreys. O eels. MacBook…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions from different topics at a same time we will answer only 1st…

Q: 88 Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT O production of interferon. O inflammation.…

A: Humans are exposed to millions of viruses that can occur daily, through contact, ingestion, and…

Q: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

A: Rituximab is an monoclonal antibody and used in certain cancer conditions to kill cancer cells. It…

Q: QUESTION 25 Lymph nodes are made of masses of lymphocytes surrounded by a capsule. The lymphocytes…

A: Lymph is a transudate of blood, and it has similar proteins as that of plasma, but the amount is…

Q: Match these lymphocytes to their specific functions

A: Lymphocytes are the type of white blood cell that's of fundamental significance within the immune…

Q: What immune process involves red, heat, pain, swelling, and altered function? O phagocytosis immune…

A: Answer. A correct answer is an option (D). Inflammation.  Inflammation is an important non-specific…

Q: QUESTION 2 The CDC picks strains to go into the yearly influenza vaccine by: O basing it on which…

A:

Q: Question 16 F2 Moving to another question will save this response. Status: Humoral immunity O…

A: Introduction :- Humoral immunity is a type of adaptive immune response that involves the production…

Q: 16) You are a microbiologist who has just discovered a brand-new virus: Virus A. The DNA sequence of…

A: DNA ( Deoxyribonucleic acid) is two stranded , helical , ladder like structure which act as genetic…

Q: An active viral infection cycle that produces a large number of new virions and ultimately causes…

A: Virus are the tiny entities even smaller than the bacteria that are capable of causing infection…

Q: Question 3 Who of these individuals can develop Rhesus isoimmunization? O Anybody can develop rhesus…

A: Immunization is a procedure by which a person becomes resistant or immune to an infectious disease.…

Q: Question: What restriction sites are you going to add at the ends of the gene? Answer can be in…

A: INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic, also referred to as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing…

Q: When an antigen is bound to a MHC Class I molecule it is restricted to interacting with a O CD8 cell…

A: MHC is the abbreviation for Major Histocompatibility Complex. It plays a major role in binding to…

Q: Remdesivir is converted in vivo to CMP analog and then phosphorylated to CTP analog.…

A: The correct option is C -: There are more than 1 correct answers in the other choices.

Q: Which vaccines can prevent liver cancer, and cancer of the cervix, penis, anus and pharyn= SAbin…

A: Cancer is a disease that occurs due to out of control cell growth and division. There are many…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.