Question 60 Do abnormal prions trigger an immune response, for example antibody production no O yes

Q: You are a bacterium in the bloodstream. What are you most likely to encounter? O complement proteins…

A: Immunity is the capability of the body to fight against foreign attacks and maintain the persistence…

Q: Question 42 According to the SIR model of infectious disease transmission that incorporates…

A: S x I x b in the SIR model of infectious disease transmission represents the rate of infection…

Q: Although this organism is a normal resident of the skin microbiota, it can cause infections…

A: A common resident of the skin microbiota is the bacterial species Staphylococcus epidermidis.…

Q: QUESTION 5 The stimulus that usually triggers blood clotting is: O A drop in blood pressure…

A: The process of transformation of blood into gel like substance outside the blood vessels is known as…

Q: QUESTION 20 The contains antigens. The The O O C CO C generate an immune response if food or mucus…

A: The branch of science that deals with the components of immune system is known as immunology. Immune…

Q: When the onion cells were placed in 15% saline solution, these cells lost water O gain water did not…

A: Introduction:- An onion is a multicellular (consisting of many cells) plant organism. The cell of an…

Q: Class II major histocompatibility complex molecules are found on all of the following types of cells…

A: Major histocompatibility complex - MHC-II is a heterodimer that binds antigenic peptides on its…

Q: Question 36 A CD8 cell is associated with which of the following: displaying antigens that are only…

A: CD8  means a cluster of differentiation 8 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that fulfils as a…

Q: Which class of antibody accounts for most of the circulating antibodies in the blood? O IgA O IgM O…

A: IgA, IgM, IgE and IgG are the antibodies present in the blood.  IgA present in blood: 10-15% IgM…

Q: Question 11 Speciation is shown in the Phylogenetic Tree below. Ancestral globin gene mes Bl V…

A: Evolution of human globin genes.   Duplication of an ancestral gene about 500 million years ago.…

Q: Salma Rick Layla Adie Mac A Rh A Rh Rh Rh Rh B B B The blood type for Salma is The blood type for…

A: The blood type for Salma is A positive The blood type for Rick is AB negative  The blood type for…

Q: Question 49 Antigen-presenting cells O For helper T cells are typically macrophages O Place the…

A: An essential part of the immune system, antigen-presenting cells process and deliver antigens.…

Q: QUESTION 17 Animal viruses do all of the following except O Injecting their nucleic acid inside the…

A: The process of viral infection can vary depending on the specific virus and host, but here is a…

Q: t tandem repeats) multiplexing combined with PCR requires a relatively large volume of high quality…

A: Short tandem repeats are a small sequence of nucleotides containing repetitive nucleotides ranging…

Q: CD4 cells are cells and CD8 cells are cells A killer, suppressor B helper, cytotoxic C cytotoxic,…

A: Introduction: Our immune system's lymphocytes are a subset of white blood cells. There are two of…

Q: TEIIB O contacts the DNA at the BRE will bind only if TFIID is bound O is the third factor to bind…

A: TFIIB is a transcription factor that helps to initiate the process of RNA polymerase II  production.…

Q: Mutation in cells can cause cancers. However, not all of your tissue types have the same occurrence…

A: Epithelial tissue, one of the four main types of tissue in the body, covers all body surfaces both…

Q: The formation of both red and white blood cells is called O a. anemia O b. erythropoiesis c.…

A: Answer: BLOOD = This is the connective tissue present in body having plasma , serum and capillaries.…

Q: Epithelial cells infected with SARS COV-2 would have on their surface.

A: Epithelial cells are a type of cells that form the covering. These coverings are present  both the…

Q: QUESTION 85 Lectin binds to certain carbohydrates to begin the activation of the classical…

A: The classical complement pathway is one of the three mechanisms that activate the immune system,…

Q: Question 40       the immunoglobulin sequences involved in antigen binding is situated in:…

A: Antigen - It is any foreign particle that induces an immune response. Antibody - It is a protein…

Q: This blood protein, also known as an immunoglobulin, is systemic and specific in its effect of…

A: The immune cells in our body responsible for giving protection against different kinds of pathogens.…

Q: Place the following items in order, from simple to most complex. 1. Lymph 2. Basophil 3. Glucose 4.…

A: The complexity of a compound or a structure depends on the components it has. More are the…

Q: Only Members of Domain Bacteria can make N-acetylmuramic acid thus only Bacteria cal make_ Or RNA O…

A: Cell wall is found encapsulating the cell membrane in fungi, plants, bacteria and archaea. The cell…

Q: Thelper cells release to activate cytotoxic T cells --- O interleukin-2 interleukin-1 O antibodies O…

A: In the human body, the resistance against the entry of any foreign particle or antigens is executed…

Q: QUESTION 26 IgG, IgA, and IgM are different classes of antibodies. Which part of an antibody best…

A: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to…

Q: 88 Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT O production of interferon. O inflammation.…

A: Humans are exposed to millions of viruses that can occur daily, through contact, ingestion, and…

Q: T cells. In MHC restriction O Plasma cells are restricted to becoming T cells O CD8 cell restricting…

A: HLA antigen codes are the most important histocompatibility complex (MHC) in white cells and…

Q: The following are inflammatory mediators C-reactive protein histamine albumin a and b b and c

A: Given: An inflammatory mediator is a messanger that acts on blood vessles to induce an inflamatory…

Q: QUESTION 25 Lymph nodes are made of masses of lymphocytes surrounded by a capsule. The lymphocytes…

A: Lymph is a transudate of blood, and it has similar proteins as that of plasma, but the amount is…

Q: QUESTION 59 Mebendazole, niclosamide, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat infections. virus O…

A: Please follow step 2, 3 & 4 for detailed explanation.

Q: Match these lymphocytes to their specific functions

A: Lymphocytes are the type of white blood cell that's of fundamental significance within the immune…

Q: What immune process involves red, heat, pain, swelling, and altered function? O phagocytosis immune…

A: Answer. A correct answer is an option (D). Inflammation.  Inflammation is an important non-specific…

Q: Lysogenic cells have phages that are: A actively synthesizing viral proteins B biosynthesizing only…

A: Phage viruses are viruses that infect the cells of microorganisms. On the basis of their host these…

Q: Question 1 Immunoglobulin molecules are best described as a. Linear peptides attached end to end b.…

A: Immunoglobulin molecules, or antibodies, have a Y-shaped structure. This shape is formed by four…

Q: Question 12 A heritable trait is one which 1. is passed on from parent to offspring 2. does not vary…

A: Answer : Option "1 " are correct - Is passed on from parent to offspring  Genetic Trends are those…

Q: QUESTION 22 The tonsils O C C filter lymph. help store red blood cells. decrease in size in adults.…

A: Immune system of human beings consists of lymphoid organs, tissues, cells and soluble protein…

Q: Question 40 Transcription O copies of sequences of DNA into an RNA molecule occurs in the nucleus of…

A: Transcription is the process of making an RNA copy of a gene sequence.  This copy called a messenger…

Q: Question 16 F2 Moving to another question will save this response. Status: Humoral immunity O…

A: Introduction :- Humoral immunity is a type of adaptive immune response that involves the production…

Q: Helper T cells are activated by O MHC-II; antigen-presenting O MHC-I; any nucleated O MHC-II; any…

A: The correct option for the answer tot his question is Option A :-MHC-II; antigen-presenting The T…

Q: When an antigen is bound to a MHC Class I molecule it is restricted to interacting with a O CD8 cell…

A: MHC is the abbreviation for Major Histocompatibility Complex. It plays a major role in binding to…

Q: People with sickle-cell disease have O 1. defective phenylalanine hydrolyase. O 2. a defective…

A: Genetics is a study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in an organism. Living organisms…

Q: Borrelia burgdorferi avoids killing by macrophages, as part of innate immunity, by: O using a SPI-2…

A: Borrelia burgdorferi has evolved complex mechanisms to evade complement-mediated killing by binding…

Q: Question 17 Humans are one of the 6 Kingdoms of Life. O True O False

A: The kingdom of life is a high-level taxonomic rank used to classify and categorize living organisms…

Q: он он GalNAC он он Gal но. CH;CONH B(1-) Gal a(13) a(12) B(1-) H.C- a(12) но L-Fuc он A antigen OH…

A: There are four types of blood group which are differentiated according to the antigens present on…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.