129. What are "attenuated" viral vaccines? O viruses inactivated by chemicals or heat O "weakened" viruses which should not cause harm in an immunocompetent person and which will trigger a protective immune response against a virulent virus a killed virus vaccine which might cause reactivation of latent viruses O live viruses which can cause serious harm to the immunocompetent

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A: Gene therapy is a part of biotechnology in which the faulty gene is removed or repaired by using a…

Q: 54.Host defenses: Which substances can activate host cells to produce AVP's, AntiViral Proteins in…

A: Antiviral responses are activated rapidly after viral infection in order to control and prevent…

Q: Visible effects of viruses on cells can be used to identify some virus types. These are calle Lytic…

A: Viruses are parasites that require a host to survive.

Q: , can you elaborate about (HPV) 9-valent vaccine recombinant?  Thanks

A: Human papillomavirus is mainly responsible for causing the warts in the body. There's no cure for…

Q: 5. Describe the structure of the HIV virion. Explain the replicative cycle and epidemiology of HIV.

A: The infectious component of the HIV virus, also known as the human immunodeficiency virus virion, is…

Q: 19. The part of the antibody that combines with the antigenic determinants called: O medial region O…

A: According to our guideline we can answer only the first question. So, upload the questions…

Q: The process of creating conditions in which viruses evolve reduced virulence is attenuation.…

A: Virulence is the harm caused by pathogen infection, particularly in terms of host morbidity and…

Q: Which of the following viruses have been used as vectors for gene delivery?

A: Gene delivery is a process of introducing the foreign genetic materials which are DNA and RNA into…

Q: 11) The difference between SARS-Cov2 replication and FMDV replication? The antigenomic copy in…

A: Sars coronavirus disease 19 is a disease caused by a virus named SARS-CoV-2 and was discovered in…

Q: HIV mutates very, very slowly.  It will be easy to find a vaccine to help prevent it. Group of…

A: HIV mutates very ,very slowly and it will be easy to find a vaccine to help prevent it ,is FALSE.…

Q: A virus infects a cell of the body. This will most likely be destroyed by: 1) antibodies 2)…

A: Viruses are responsible for hijacking the host's cellular system. Our immune system is capable of…

Q: Discuss the role of vaccines in preventing infectious diseases.

A:

Q: 5. Consider how a vaccine works. Describe how the Influenza vaccine protects you from becoming ill…

A: A weakened microorganisms which use to stimulate the body's immune response against disease is…

Q: You seed a 10cm tissue culture plate with a 4x10^6 HeLa cells. HeLa fells have a doubling time of…

A: Answer - 1ml

Q: 6. Name the Vaccine Preventable Diseases.

A: A vaccine is a biological preparation designed to stimulate an individual's immune system to…

Q: 6) (2 pts) Describe one way your INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM can help fight viral infections while it waits…

A: Our immune system fight against the infection and protect the body from any microbes and bacteria…

Q: A "red flag" that identifies a foreign invader so that it can be attacked would be best described as…

A: Q. A "red flag" that identifies a foreign invader so that it can be attacked would be best described…

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A: The antibodies are immunoglobulin molecules that are produced by the B-lymphocytes and provide…

Q: Bonus: Louis Pasteur was famous for developing the first rabies vaccine. He used the vaccine in…

A: Louis Pasteur vaccinated two boys who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Louis Pasteur used the vaccine…

Q: Discuss the characteristics of retroviruses. How do they act? How is their action different from…

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A: The body is protected against various pathogenic or infectious particles called microbes through an…

Q: Why is selective toxicity almost impossible for viruses? Viruses are so small compared to bacteria…

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Q: Vaccines: Which vaccine below would you not give to a liver transplant recipeint? O attenuatued live…

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Q: Why are vaccines made ofthe own disease agent or offragments of it?

A: A vaccine is defined as a biological preparation that gives active acquired immunity to a particular…

Q: Match the following types of vaccines with the active antigen each includes

A: Answer -  Live attenuated vaccine - The entire pathogen is used in the vaccine which are weakened or…

Q: Some vaccination procedures require a booster shot, another doseof the original vaccine given…

A: Humans are always surrounded by microorganisms searching for an opportunistic host. These pathogens…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.