6. Knowing that the virus from Washington probably arose first, make a list below predicting the order, from first to last, in which the viruses from these states arose. a. Washington b. С. d. e.
6. Knowing that the virus from Washington probably arose first, make a list below predicting the order, from first to last, in which the viruses from these states arose. a. Washington b. С. d. e.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Could you please assist with question number 6 and why you chose that order?
![**Title: Analyzing the Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Mutations**
The earliest SARS-CoV-2 infections in the United States were detected in the state of Washington in January 2020. Scientists have since sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes from infected individuals throughout the country.
**Sequence Data Overview**
Table 1 showcases sequence data for the gene that encodes the spike protein, which was sequenced from SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected in different states.
**Key Points in the Gene Sequence:**
- The gene’s sequence in the virus collected from Washington early in the pandemic is between 99% and 100% identical to those collected from Utah, Colorado, Kansas, and California later on.
- Mutations have occurred at specific points in the gene over time.
**Table 1: Sequence Data and Mutational Differences**
The table presents data on the sequences of spike proteins from SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected in different states from January to May 2020. During amplification and sequencing, viral RNA genomes are converted to DNA.
| State | Position in the sequence alignment | Number of differences |
|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|
| | 1059 | 3037 | 14408 | 18060 | 23403 | 25563 | 28144 | |
| Washington | C | T | C | T | A | G | C | - |
| Utah | C | T | C | T | C | G | T | 6 |
| Colorado | C | T | C | C | A | G | T | 2 |
| Kansas | C | T | C | T | C | G | T | 5 |
| California | T | T | T | C | G | T | T | 7 |
**Analysis Questions**
3. **Mutation Type in Table 1**
- Answer: a. Substitutions
4. **Stage of Viral Infection for Mutations**
- Explore the stage at which these mutations might occur during the viral infection.
5. **Filling in the Number of Nucleotide Differences**
- Calculate and fill in the differences between the virus from Washington and those from](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F7d978a11-a13f-4a15-8779-5cc3f79672ab%2F067d0fb0-3fa8-4d6a-9e8b-2855a82f7a2c%2F781eeua_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Analyzing the Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Mutations**
The earliest SARS-CoV-2 infections in the United States were detected in the state of Washington in January 2020. Scientists have since sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes from infected individuals throughout the country.
**Sequence Data Overview**
Table 1 showcases sequence data for the gene that encodes the spike protein, which was sequenced from SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected in different states.
**Key Points in the Gene Sequence:**
- The gene’s sequence in the virus collected from Washington early in the pandemic is between 99% and 100% identical to those collected from Utah, Colorado, Kansas, and California later on.
- Mutations have occurred at specific points in the gene over time.
**Table 1: Sequence Data and Mutational Differences**
The table presents data on the sequences of spike proteins from SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected in different states from January to May 2020. During amplification and sequencing, viral RNA genomes are converted to DNA.
| State | Position in the sequence alignment | Number of differences |
|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|
| | 1059 | 3037 | 14408 | 18060 | 23403 | 25563 | 28144 | |
| Washington | C | T | C | T | A | G | C | - |
| Utah | C | T | C | T | C | G | T | 6 |
| Colorado | C | T | C | C | A | G | T | 2 |
| Kansas | C | T | C | T | C | G | T | 5 |
| California | T | T | T | C | G | T | T | 7 |
**Analysis Questions**
3. **Mutation Type in Table 1**
- Answer: a. Substitutions
4. **Stage of Viral Infection for Mutations**
- Explore the stage at which these mutations might occur during the viral infection.
5. **Filling in the Number of Nucleotide Differences**
- Calculate and fill in the differences between the virus from Washington and those from
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