pulice each an opportunity crime. Bonnie and Clyde are put in separate rooms, and each must decide whether to confess or not without knowing the other's choice. Corresponding prison terms for each outcome are represented in the payoff matrix to the right. Predict the outcome of the game. O A. Bonnie will not confess and Clyde will confess. O B. Bonnie will confess and Clyde will not confess. OC. Bonnie and Clyde will both confess. O D. Neither Bonnie nor Clyde will confess. Clyde Not confess Confess Bonnie 3 years 1 year Not confess 3 years 8 years 8 years years Confess 1 year 6 years

pulice each an opportunity crime. Bonnie and Clyde are put in separate rooms, and each must decide whether to confess or not without knowing the other's choice. Corresponding prison terms for each outcome are represented in the payoff matrix to the right. Predict the outcome of the game. O A. Bonnie will not confess and Clyde will confess. O B. Bonnie will confess and Clyde will not confess. OC. Bonnie and Clyde will both confess. O D. Neither Bonnie nor Clyde will confess. Clyde Not confess Confess Bonnie 3 years 1 year Not confess 3 years 8 years 8 years years Confess 1 year 6 years

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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2. Consider a two-stage game of complete but imperfect information where players 1 and 2 simultaneously choose actions a₁ and a₂ in stage 1 and players 3 and 4 simultaneously choose actions a3 and a in stage 2. Provide the notation for the Nash equilibrium in stage 2. How come players 1 and 2 can anticipate this outcome in stage 2?
in this game table, Pepsi's payout is on the left and Sam's Choice's is on the ight. Is the Nash equilibrium a prisoner's dilemma? Pepsi High Low Sam's Choice High 110, 20 60, 10 Low 80, 40 70, 30 O No, it is not because both firms played their dominant strategies. O Yes, it is because the combined payoff for the two firms is lower than another outcome. O Yes, it is because at least one of the firms ends up with the lowest possible payoff. O No, it is not because at least one firm has achieved its highest possible payoff.
Little Kona is a small coffee company that is considering entering a market dominated by Big Brew. Each company's profit depends on whether Little Kona enters and whether Big Brew sets a high price or a low price: Little Kona True True or False: Only Little Kona has a dominant strategy in this game. False Big Brew High Price Low Price Enter $2 million, $3 million $2 million, $1 million Don't Enter 50, 58 million $0, $3 million Which of the following outcomes represent a Nash equilibrium in this case? Check all that apply. Big Brew maintains a high price and Little Kona does not enter. Big Brew maintains a low price and Little Kona does not enter. Big Brew maintains a high price and Little Kona enters. Big Brew maintains a low price and Little Kona enters. Big Brew threatens Little Kona by saying, "If you enter, we're going to set a low price, so you had better stay out." Thin True or False: Little Kona should believe the threat.
Two Owners s Are Trying to Decide Where to Put Their Businesses. They have choices of Uptown and Downtown. In this case, one restaurant is a bowling alley and the other is a restaurant and they actually want to locate close to each other as they think this will attract more customers. Here is the payoff matrix: Restaurant Uptown Blank #1: Blank #2: Downtown 0 Uptown Bowling Alley 1 1 2 Downtown 0 2 How many Nash equilbria are there? 1,2,3 or 4 There is an option to let the Bowling Alley move first, but no option for the Restaurant to move first. Should the Restaurant let the Bowling Alley move first.. Yes or No Question 10 options:
1) Define Cartel and give an example. 2) Thelma and Louise are being charged for a murder/robbery. They are separated by police and interrogated. They are given the choice to confess or not to confess. The payoff matrix below identifies the years that they will each spend in jail, for the various outcomes. Louise Confess Don't Confess Confess (2 10,10 15.2 Thelma Don't Confess 2,15 3,3 a. Identify the Dominant Strategy for either player, or state that there isn't one. Remember, a "Strategy" is the players move. In this example, state "Confess" or "Don't Confess" for each player, not the payoff. b. Identify the Nash Equilibrium.
Hal and Nick are racing to develop a new brand of coconut milk that they both believe will be the next big soft drink. The payoff matrix shows the economic profit in millions of dollars for the game that Hal and Nick play. O A. Hal and Nick will never cooperate in this research. OB. Hal and Nick will cooperate in this research every time they play the game. Q Search OC. It is possible for cooperation in this research and development game if the game is played repeatedly and cheating on the agreement is punished using a tit-for-tat strategy OD. Hal and Nick will cooperate in this research only if a threat exists that a third firm will enter the coconut milk market Pat's strategies (blue squares) Develop Not develop 0 Hal's strategies (red squares) Develop -1.0 2.5 2.5 1.0 Not develop Next -1.0 1.0
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For the operating systems game, let us now assume the intrinsic superiorityof Mac is not as great and that network effects are stronger for Windows.These modifications are reflected in different payoffs. Now, the payoff fromadopting Windows is 50 X w and from adopting Mac is 15 + 5 X m;n consumers are simultaneously deciding between Windows and Mac.a. Find all Nash equilibria.b. With these new payoffs, let us now suppose that a third option exists,which is to not buy either operating system; it has a payoff of 1,000.Consumers simultaneously decide among Windows, Mac, and nooperating system. Find all Nash equilibria.
the Consider a simultaneous-move integer game between two players: Marilyn and Noah. Each of player is required to announce a positive integer between 1 to 4. In other words, a player can announce 1, 2, 3, or 4. Two players announce their integers simultaneously. Notice that this game is different from the games we learned in class in that each player has four actions to take. The payoffs of the players in the game are specified as follows: (1) when the two announced integers are different, whoever reports the lower number pays $1 to the other player, so that the loser of the game has payoff -1 and the winner of the game has payoff 1; (2) when the two players announce the same integer, their payoffs are both O. What is Marilyn's maximin strategy? 01 02 03 O
Consider the infinite repeated two-player game where at each stage the play- ers play the non-zero-sum game given by A В A (5, 5) (0,7) В (7, 0) | (2, 2) (a) Consider the following strategies: SA: always play A. SB: always play B. • St: play A on the first stage, thereafter copy what the other player did in the preceding stage. Suppose that the total payoff involves a discount factor 8, and that both players are restricted to the pure strategies SA, SB, and sT. Determine the set of d for which (ST, ST) is a Nash equilibrium. (b) Use the one stage deviation principle to determine whether the pair (ST, ST) is a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium for some range of val- ues of 8.
Define a new game as a modified version of the game in Problem 1, which we will call the Matching Two Pennies game: each player choose heads (H) or tails (T) for two pennies. In this game, Player 1 wins if both coins show the same combination of heads and tails, while Player 2 wins if they do not. (a) Write the strategy sets S1 and S2 for this game. (b) Give the payoffs for each player in this Matching Two Pennies game, by defining T;(81, 82) for each player and for each strategy pair, either as a list or in matrix form.
1. Consider a game of chicken: two players approach a narrow bridge with room only for one, and each chooses either to go through and hope the other guy backs off (call this action H, for "hawk"), or backs off to let the other go through (call this action D, for "dove"). If both players are normal, then each gets a payoff of -1 from a collision (i.e. if both choose H), 1 if they choose H against D, 0 if they choose D (regardless of what the other player chooses). Now perturb the game as follows: there is a chance p > 0 that P2 is a “violent type", who gets 1 from playing H regardless of Pl's action, and -1 from playing D, again regardless of P1's action. (a) Illustrate the game tree corresponding to the Harsanyi transformation of this game (i.e. the dynamic game of imperfect information in which nature moves first). (b) Illustrate the extended game (i.e. the normal form game corresponding to your game tree in part (a)). (c) Find all values of p for which there is a BNE in which P1…