Profitability remains a challenge for banks and thrifts with less than $2 billion of assets. The business problem facing a bank analyst relates to the factors that affect return on average assets (ROAA), an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. Data collected from a sample of 20 community banks resulted in the regression model Y₁ = -4.511 +0.037X₁ +0.217X2, where Y is the ROAA (%), X₁ is the efficiency ratio (%), and X₂ is the total risk-based capital (%). Complete parts (a) through (d) below. Click the icon to view the table of data. a. Plot the residuals versus O A. Predicted Y Ŷ. Choose the correct graph below. Residuals B. H™ Predicted Y Residuals Predicted Y Q Residuals Predicted Y Q G

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**Financial Performance Data Table**

This table provides key financial metrics across various records. The columns are defined as follows:

- **ROAA (%)**: Return on Average Assets, a measure of a company's profitability relative to its total assets.
- **Efficiency Ratio (%)**: Indicates the expenses as a percentage of revenue, used to gauge efficiency.
- **Total Risk-Based Capital (%)**: A measure of a bank's capital, considering the riskiness of assets in its balance sheet.

**Data:**

| ROAA (%) | Efficiency Ratio (%) | Total Risk-Based Capital (%) |
|----------|----------------------|------------------------------|
| 1.04     | 39.93                | 17.04                        |
| 0.68     | 57.75                | 13.88                        |
| 7.27     | 81.4                 | 27.77                        |
| 1.08     | 53.49                | 18.31                        |
| 0.72     | 71.08                | 14.66                        |
| 0.92     | 65.41                | 14.04                        |
| 0.79     | 68.07                | 13.38                        |
| 1.04     | 68.14                | 16.8                         |
| 1.76     | 68.1                 | 16.69                        |
| 1.07     | 64.82                | 13.86                        |
| 1.37     | 48.58                | 12                           |
| 0.93     | 63.1                 | 18.65                        |
| 0.66     | 59.16                | 19.76                        |
| 1.72     | 49.93                | 17.69                        |
| 1.5      | 54.7                 | 26.6                         |
| 0.59     | 81.6                 | 15.08                        |
| 2.12     | 75.21                | 14.55                        |
| 1.11     | 69.82                | 17.5                         |
| 1.45     | 49.47                | 16.03                        |
| 1.06     | 57.09                | 14.62
Transcribed Image Text:**Financial Performance Data Table** This table provides key financial metrics across various records. The columns are defined as follows: - **ROAA (%)**: Return on Average Assets, a measure of a company's profitability relative to its total assets. - **Efficiency Ratio (%)**: Indicates the expenses as a percentage of revenue, used to gauge efficiency. - **Total Risk-Based Capital (%)**: A measure of a bank's capital, considering the riskiness of assets in its balance sheet. **Data:** | ROAA (%) | Efficiency Ratio (%) | Total Risk-Based Capital (%) | |----------|----------------------|------------------------------| | 1.04 | 39.93 | 17.04 | | 0.68 | 57.75 | 13.88 | | 7.27 | 81.4 | 27.77 | | 1.08 | 53.49 | 18.31 | | 0.72 | 71.08 | 14.66 | | 0.92 | 65.41 | 14.04 | | 0.79 | 68.07 | 13.38 | | 1.04 | 68.14 | 16.8 | | 1.76 | 68.1 | 16.69 | | 1.07 | 64.82 | 13.86 | | 1.37 | 48.58 | 12 | | 0.93 | 63.1 | 18.65 | | 0.66 | 59.16 | 19.76 | | 1.72 | 49.93 | 17.69 | | 1.5 | 54.7 | 26.6 | | 0.59 | 81.6 | 15.08 | | 2.12 | 75.21 | 14.55 | | 1.11 | 69.82 | 17.5 | | 1.45 | 49.47 | 16.03 | | 1.06 | 57.09 | 14.62
**Regression Analysis of Bank Profitability**

Profitability remains a challenge for banks and thrifts with less than $2 billion of assets. One of the critical business problems for bank analysts is understanding the factors that affect the return on average assets (ROAA), which indicates how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. 

In this scenario, data collected from a sample of 20 community banks resulted in the regression model:

\[
\hat{Y}_i = -4.511 + 0.037X_{1i} + 0.217X_{2i}
\]

where \(Y\) is the ROAA (%), \(X_1\) is the efficiency ratio (%), and \(X_2\) is the total risk-based capital (%). 

### Objective

Complete parts (a) through (d) below.

- **a. Plot the Residuals versus \(\hat{Y}_i\):**

The task is to choose the correct graph that plots the residuals against the predicted values (\(\hat{Y}_i\)).

### Graphs:

Below are four potential graphs labeled A, B, C, and D, where the x-axis represents "Predicted Y" and the y-axis represents "Residuals."

- **Graph A:** The residuals are mostly uniform across different predicted values, indicating a random distribution.
  
- **Graph B:** Residuals appear to have a pattern, clustering in certain areas, suggesting possible issues with the regression model's assumptions.
  
- **Graph C:** The residuals are scattered randomly without a discernible pattern, which is ideal for regression diagnostics.
  
- **Graph D:** The residuals demonstrate a systematic pattern, which may indicate model issues.

Choose the graph that best represents a random distribution of residuals, which typically indicates a well-fitting regression model.
Transcribed Image Text:**Regression Analysis of Bank Profitability** Profitability remains a challenge for banks and thrifts with less than $2 billion of assets. One of the critical business problems for bank analysts is understanding the factors that affect the return on average assets (ROAA), which indicates how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. In this scenario, data collected from a sample of 20 community banks resulted in the regression model: \[ \hat{Y}_i = -4.511 + 0.037X_{1i} + 0.217X_{2i} \] where \(Y\) is the ROAA (%), \(X_1\) is the efficiency ratio (%), and \(X_2\) is the total risk-based capital (%). ### Objective Complete parts (a) through (d) below. - **a. Plot the Residuals versus \(\hat{Y}_i\):** The task is to choose the correct graph that plots the residuals against the predicted values (\(\hat{Y}_i\)). ### Graphs: Below are four potential graphs labeled A, B, C, and D, where the x-axis represents "Predicted Y" and the y-axis represents "Residuals." - **Graph A:** The residuals are mostly uniform across different predicted values, indicating a random distribution. - **Graph B:** Residuals appear to have a pattern, clustering in certain areas, suggesting possible issues with the regression model's assumptions. - **Graph C:** The residuals are scattered randomly without a discernible pattern, which is ideal for regression diagnostics. - **Graph D:** The residuals demonstrate a systematic pattern, which may indicate model issues. Choose the graph that best represents a random distribution of residuals, which typically indicates a well-fitting regression model.
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Step 1

Introduction:

The response variable is ROAA (%) denoted by Y; the explanatory variables are efficiency ratio (%) denoted by X1, and total risk-based capital (%) denoted by X2.

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