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Procedure: 1. Plot the stars listed in the data table at right on the graph paper provided. 2. Draw a circle around each grouping of stars on your graph. How many groups did you circle? 3. Label the following on your graph: main sequence, red giants, white dwarfs, supergiants. 4. Circle the dot representing the sun. What type of star is the sun?

Procedure: 1. Plot the stars listed in the data table at right on the graph paper provided. 2. Draw a circle around each grouping of stars on your graph. How many groups did you circle? 3. Label the following on your graph: main sequence, red giants, white dwarfs, supergiants. 4. Circle the dot representing the sun. What type of star is the sun?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM 100,000 40,000 20,000 10,000 4000 2000 1000 400 200 100 40 20 10 4.0 2.0 1.0 .4 .1 .04 .02 .01 .004 .002 .001 35 30 25 20 18 16 14 12 10 8. 7 6. 4. Surface Temperature ( x 1000°C ) 2. 3. 2. Luminosity ( x Sun)
Transcribed Image Text:HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM 100,000 40,000 20,000 10,000 4000 2000 1000 400 200 100 40 20 10 4.0 2.0 1.0 .4 .1 .04 .02 .01 .004 .002 .001 35 30 25 20 18 16 14 12 10 8. 7 6. 4. Surface Temperature ( x 1000°C ) 2. 3. 2. Luminosity ( x Sun)
Astronomers use two basis properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are luminosity and surface temperature. Luminosity usually refers to the brightness of the star relative to the brightness of our sun. Astronomers will often use a star's color to measure its temperature. Stars with low temperature produce a reddish light while stars with high temperatures shine with a brilliant blue-white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 3000 degrees Celsius to 50,000 degrees Celsius. When these surface temperatures are plotted against luminosity, the stars fall into groups. Using data similar to what you will plot in this activity, Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung and US astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently arrived at similar results in what is now commonly referred to as the HR diagram. Purpose: To make a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Procedure: 1. Plot the stars listed in the data table at right on the graph paper provided. 2. Draw a circle around each grouping of stars on your graph. How many groups did you circle? 3. Label the following on your graph: main sequence, red giants, white dwarfs, supergiants. 4. Circle the dot representing the sun. What type of star is the sun? LUMINOSITY (X SUN) STAR SURFACE STAR LUMINOSITY SURFACE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE (Х 1000°C) (X 1000°C) 20 1. Orion 3. Polaris 5. Antares 7. Spica 9. Vega 11. Procyon A 13. Regulus 15. Lacaille 2. Betelgeuse 4. Achemar 6. Aldebaran 8. Ceti 10,000 20,000 3 6 5.9 2,000 100 24 1,000 3 4 800 25 .1 4.5 40 12 10. Sirius A 20 11 50 6.9 12. Sun 1 5.7 1,000 18 14. Procyon B .004 6.6 .02 4.5 16. Altair .01 9 17. Sirius B .01 18. Alpha Centauri 1.6 5.7
Transcribed Image Text:Astronomers use two basis properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are luminosity and surface temperature. Luminosity usually refers to the brightness of the star relative to the brightness of our sun. Astronomers will often use a star's color to measure its temperature. Stars with low temperature produce a reddish light while stars with high temperatures shine with a brilliant blue-white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 3000 degrees Celsius to 50,000 degrees Celsius. When these surface temperatures are plotted against luminosity, the stars fall into groups. Using data similar to what you will plot in this activity, Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung and US astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently arrived at similar results in what is now commonly referred to as the HR diagram. Purpose: To make a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Procedure: 1. Plot the stars listed in the data table at right on the graph paper provided. 2. Draw a circle around each grouping of stars on your graph. How many groups did you circle? 3. Label the following on your graph: main sequence, red giants, white dwarfs, supergiants. 4. Circle the dot representing the sun. What type of star is the sun? LUMINOSITY (X SUN) STAR SURFACE STAR LUMINOSITY SURFACE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE (Х 1000°C) (X 1000°C) 20 1. Orion 3. Polaris 5. Antares 7. Spica 9. Vega 11. Procyon A 13. Regulus 15. Lacaille 2. Betelgeuse 4. Achemar 6. Aldebaran 8. Ceti 10,000 20,000 3 6 5.9 2,000 100 24 1,000 3 4 800 25 .1 4.5 40 12 10. Sirius A 20 11 50 6.9 12. Sun 1 5.7 1,000 18 14. Procyon B .004 6.6 .02 4.5 16. Altair .01 9 17. Sirius B .01 18. Alpha Centauri 1.6 5.7
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