Outline a synthesis for each of the following compounds. You may start with benzene or aniline and any other compound containing not more than three carbon atoms. Show all reaction steps, reagents, and conditions. a) c) CH2COOH b) CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 CH2COOH Br d) NH2 SO3H O₂N. NO2

Outline a synthesis for each of the following compounds. You may start with benzene or aniline and any other compound containing not more than three carbon atoms. Show all reaction steps, reagents, and conditions. a) c) CH2COOH b) CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 CH2COOH Br d) NH2 SO3H O₂N. NO2

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Concept explainers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. They both differ in the placement of this carbonyl group in their structures.

Question

Outline a synthesis for each of the following compounds. You may start with
benzene or aniline and any other compound containing not more than three
carbon atoms. Show all reaction steps, reagents, and conditions.
a)
CH2COOH
b)
CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
CH2COOH
Br
d)
NH₂
SO3H
O₂N.
NO2
-OCH(CH3)2
Br
SO3H
Hint: Consider modifying
the amine group here

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Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield? b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?
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