Normal urine should have which of the following properties? Circle all that apply. a. Translucency b. Yellowish pigment c. Cloudy appearance d. pH less than 4.5
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Normal urine should have which of the following properties? Circle all that apply.
a. Translucency
b. Yellowish pigment
c. Cloudy appearance
d. pH less than 4.5
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- Normal Components of Urine Fill in the table below for your observations Normal components of urine Reagents Positive Reaction a. Uric Acid b. Indican c. Creatinine What is the disease associated if there is an excess amount of uric acid in urine? Briefly explain how this disease happens. What is the use of the Obermayer’s test? How does it relate to the presence of indican in the urine sample? Explain briefly what does excess amount of creatinine in urine indicate?7. 1 of the following is true of the structure of the renal filtration barrier A. The filtration slit is found the basal lamina B. The filtration slit diaphragm is made up of the fenestrated endothelium C. The lamina rara interna is located adjacent the podocyte D. The filtration slit diaphragm bridges the filtration slits between pedicels 8. 3 of the following are true of the testes A. Contain interstitial cells of Leydig that produce testosterone B. Covered in the anterior and lateral surfaces by a fold of peritoneum C. Mediastinum testis gives rise to connective tissues that divide the testes into lobules D. Within the lobules are seminiferous tubules that are stimulated by Luteinizing hormone 9. 2 of the following are true of Sertoli cells A. Form tight junctions with other Sertoli cells to form the blood testis barrier B. Have receptors for LH important for spermatogenesis C. Phagocytose excess cytoplasm during spermiogenesis D. Stimulated by LH to secrete Androgen Binding…Use the following choices to answer the following questions a. Struvite b. Calcium c. Cystine d.Uric acid These stones are made up of byproducts of DNA and RNA (purines) The most common type of kidney stones are The least common type of kidney stones are Urinary infections often produce stones of this type ✓ [Choose ] D B A L J [Choose ] [Choose ]
- Which if the following is true? A. Urine is acidic B. Urine is slightly aromatic C. Urine sample with specific gravity of 1.015 is normal D. All of the above E. None of the aboveAnswer the following: 1. Macroscopic Analysis (looking at urine with the unaided eye) a. Why is urine yellow in color? 2. Specific gravity a. What does specific gravity measure? b. List four conditions that would increase specific gravity. c. List four conditions that would decrease specific gravity. d. What is the range of normal values for a 24-hour sample of urine? e. What is the range of normal values for a random sample of urine? 3. Rapid screening tests a. Which rapid screening tests listed in this website were done with the dipstick in our lab? b. Miscellaneous questions What is the large range of pH that urine can have What are some causes of an alkaline pH in urine? Where in the nephrons is urine acidified? 4. Microscopic Analysis: all the following information will be in Power Point slides). a. What things are found in normal urine, that is urine taken from healthy individuals? b. What are hematuria, pyuria, lipiduria, and albuminuria? What conditions might each one indicate?…A urinalysis is a test that examines physical, chemical and microscopic aspects of urine. Examining urinary fluid can reveal much about the functioning of the body, as changes from the normal characteristics or appearance may reflect specific diseases. Currently, commercially-available chemical reagent sticks can be used to detect substances in urine. Of the following, which are substances that reagent sticks can test for? a. Substances produced by the body, and naturally found in urine. b. Substances produced by the body, but not usually present in urine. c. Substances not normally found in the body. d. a. and c. only e. a., b., and c.
- Which of the following results signify abnormal urine test result: Presence of protein molecules in the urine The normal specific gravity is between 1.025 - 1.085 A product of breakdown of fatty acids are normally present in urine pH: 6 a. 1,2 and 4 are correct b. all are correct c. 1,3 and 4 are correct d. 4 is correctA patient with a urine pH of 4.5, a blood pH of 7.3 and a PCO2 of 32 mmHg. Identify the acid base imbalance with its compensation. A. respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis B. metabolic alkalosis with respiratory acidosis C. respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis D. metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosisWhy must a 24-hour period sample of urine be used for examination if a detailed composition is to be determined? (Need a detailed explanation of the concept behind.)
- Pathological Constituents of Urine Fill in the table below for your observations Pathological constituents Test Name Reagents Positive Reaction a. Albumin b. Glucose c. Ketone Bodies d. Urobilin and Urobilinogen C1. What is albumin and its presence in the urine indicates? C2. If glucose is found in urine in excess amounts, what does it indicate? C3. What are ketone bodies? What conditions (or diseases) lead to its formation? C4. What are urobilin and urobilinogen? What does their presence in urine indicate?Which of the following substance indicates renal pathology if present in urine even in small quantities? A. Creatinine B. Glucose C. Urea D. Sodium1.What kinds of conditions or situations lead your body (and urine) to have a low pH? List 3. 2. What is normal for pH in the urine? Is it a very specific value or a broad range of values? Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) 3. Are white blood cells large or small? Should they be filtered into the filtrate at the glomerulus? 4.If there are white blood cells in your urine, where are they most likely coming from? 5.What does it usually mean when there are white blood cells in your urine? Nitrites 6. Nitrates are normal in your urine, but _______ are not. 7. What kinds of bacteria convert nitrates to nitrites? 8 Why is it helpful for a physician to know that nitrites are in the urine? They might prescribe a certain type of _________ that is known to be effective against what kinds of bacteria: _______ Blood (Red Blood Cells) 9. Are red blood cells large or small? Should they be filtered into the filtrate at the glomerulus? 10. Should…
