Nal a Proton transfer d Electrophilic addition b= Lewis acid/base e c= Radical chain substitution f 1. h Acetone 2. b E1 Elimination E2 Elimination NaBr Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a- i for your answers. gSN1 Nucleophilic substitution h= SN2 Nucleophilic substitution

Nal a Proton transfer d Electrophilic addition b= Lewis acid/base e c= Radical chain substitution f 1. h Acetone 2. b E1 Elimination E2 Elimination NaBr Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a- i for your answers. gSN1 Nucleophilic substitution h= SN2 Nucleophilic substitution

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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ABN heat N-Br 2. NaH ONa Hy a = Proton transfer b- Lewis acid/base d- Radical chain addition e = Electrophilic addition g = E2 Elimination h = Sy1 Nucleophilic substitution C- Radical chain substitution f = E1 Elimination i = Sy2 Nucleophilic substitution Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - i for your answers. 1. 2.
The mechanism proceeds through a first cationic intermediate, intermediate 1. Nucleophilic attack leads to intermediate 2, which goes on to form the final product. In cases that involve negatively charged nucleophile, the attack of the nucleophile leads directly to the product. H. Br + CH3OH Br Intermediate 2 (product) Intermediate 1 In a similar fashion, draw intermediate 1 and intermediate 2 (final product) for the following reaction. OCH3 Cl2 MEOH ĆI racemic mixture Pay attention to the reactants, they may differ from the examples. In some reactions, one part of the molecule acts as the nucleophile. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. Separate intermediate 1 and intermediate 2 using the the dropdown menu. → symbol from
In both examples below the reactants shown are combined to bring about a nucleophilic substitution (SN1, SN2) and/or elimination (E1, E2) reaction. What is the major reaction that takes place in each case? CH3 CH3CH₂CCH3 Ći CI. NaOCH₂CH3 CH3CH₂OH CH₂CI NaOH H₂O
H Ph 1. HO NaOH Ph Br DMSO / H20 2. N-Br ..OH N-H a = Proton transfer d = Radical chain addition E2 Elimination b = Lewis acid/base e = Electrophilic addition h = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution Radical chain substitution f=E1 Elimination i= SN2 Nucleophilic substitution C = Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - i for your answers. 1. 2.
3. SN2 reactions are useful in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical compounds. The antiviral agent acyclovir can be prepared using an S№2 reaction as shown below followed by a hydrolysis reaction. The hydrolysis reaction will be discussed in CHEM 40B. R'RN A + B SN2 R'RN ELECTROPHILE: من مهمه NUCLEOPHILE: Identify which molecule (A or B) would serve as the electrophile and which would serve as the nucleophile in the S№2 reaction. Place your responses in the box below. Connections to biology The amino acid cysteine is one of the common building blocks of proteins that contains the thiol (SH) functional group. The reactivity of the thiol group allows researchers to connect various molecules to proteins, a process known as labeling. For example, it is possible to connect fluorescent probes that allow us to trace the fate of proteins in the cell. H SH O Cysteine amino acid within a protein chain sa acyclovir LG H₂N S OH H O Cysteine amino acid labeled with electrophilic probe…
to 1. conc. HBr H20 Br OH O Na 2. Na NH2 NH3 d = El Elimination f = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution a = Proton transfer b = Lewis acid/base e = E2 Elimination g = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution c = Electrophilic addition The rections above involve synthesis or reactions of alcohols and ethers. Identify the mechanism by which they proceed from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - g for your answers. 1. 2. Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 8 more group attempts remaining
1. CH3 Ph oto KOH O OH Ethanol Ph Ph-H -CH₂ + KCI H₂O 2. OCOH a = Proton transfer d Radical chain addition g= E2 Elimination b= Lewis acid/base e Electrophilic addition h = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution c = Radical chain substitution f = E1 Elimination i = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - i for your answers. 1. 2. HCI
1. aq. NaOH reflux NaCI H20 OH 2. HI a = Proton transfer d = Radical chain addition g = E2 Elimination b = Lewis acid/base e = Electrophilic addition h = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution C = Radical chain substitution f = E1 Elimination i = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - i for your answers. 1. 2. Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining
In both examples below the reactants shown are combined to bring about a nucleophilic substitution (S1, Sy2) and'or elimination (EI, E2) reaction What is the major reaction that takes place in each case? CH, CH, CH,CH,CHCCH, H20 Br NaNg CH,OH CH,CH,CHCH,CH, SN2
3 9 $ 4 R H₂C B % 5 1. Aqueous ethanol HBr CH₁ 2. OH a Proton transfer d E1 Elimination. f = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution b Lewis acid/base. e E2 Elimination g= SN2 Nucleophilic substitution c = Electrophilic addition The rections above involve synthesis or reactions of alcohols and ethers. Identify the mechanism by which they proceed from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a- g for your answers. 1. 2. Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining Previous Next> Save and Exit Cengage Learning Cengage Technical Support O 8:15 AM 6/20/2022 PrtScn PgDn F5 F6 T B CH₂ Nà Nha ^ 6 Y H N & 7 [Review Topics] H₂C U 8 M CH₂ NH₂ K [References] H₂C 73°F Sunny Home ( 9 O L End 0 G F10 P PgUp 4x F12 □
Choose the best reagents to complete the reaction shown below. A B C E D HO о O= OH RCO₂H 1. OsO4 (catalytic) 2. NMO 1. KMnO4, OH- (warm) 2. H₂O* MCPBA 2. H3O+ 1. Hg(OAc)2, H2O E 2. NaBH4, NaOH Q Q
conc. HBr HO. Br 2. (Ph)3C-OH HCI (Ph);C-CI H20 d = E1 Elimination e = E2 Elimination a = Proton transfer f = Sy1 Nucleophilic substitution b = Lewis acid/base c = Electrophilic addition g = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution The rections above involve synthesis or reactions of alcohols and ethers. Identify the mechanism by which they proceed from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - g for your answers. 2.