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information below to identify and explain the relationship between the basicity of the two nucleophiles and their nucleophilicities

information below to identify and explain the relationship between the basicity of the two nucleophiles and their nucleophilicities

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Use the information below to identify and explain the relationship between the basicity of the two nucleophiles and their nucleophilicities

### Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Details #### Reaction Overview The reaction shown is a nucleophilic substitution where a nucleophile (denoted as Nuc:⁻) reacts with methyl iodide (CH₃I) to form a methylated nucleophile (Nuc-CH₃) and iodide ion (I⁻). This reaction occurs in methanol (CH₃OH) at 25 °C. #### Table of Data | Nucleophile Name | pKₐ of Conjugate Acid | k (Second Order Rate Constant, M⁻¹·s⁻¹) | |------------------|-----------------------|---------------------------------------| | CH₃O⁻ (methoxide) | 15.1 | 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ | | PhO⁻ (phenoxide) | 9.95 | 7.9 × 10⁻⁵ | - **Nucleophile Name**: The species that donates an electron pair to form a chemical bond. - **pKₐ of Conjugate Acid**: A measure of the acidity of the conjugate acid of the nucleophile; a lower value indicates a stronger acid. - **k (Second Order Rate Constant)**: The rate constant for the nucleophilic substitution reaction. A higher value indicates a faster reaction rate.
Transcribed Image Text:### Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Details #### Reaction Overview The reaction shown is a nucleophilic substitution where a nucleophile (denoted as Nuc:⁻) reacts with methyl iodide (CH₃I) to form a methylated nucleophile (Nuc-CH₃) and iodide ion (I⁻). This reaction occurs in methanol (CH₃OH) at 25 °C. #### Table of Data | Nucleophile Name | pKₐ of Conjugate Acid | k (Second Order Rate Constant, M⁻¹·s⁻¹) | |------------------|-----------------------|---------------------------------------| | CH₃O⁻ (methoxide) | 15.1 | 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ | | PhO⁻ (phenoxide) | 9.95 | 7.9 × 10⁻⁵ | - **Nucleophile Name**: The species that donates an electron pair to form a chemical bond. - **pKₐ of Conjugate Acid**: A measure of the acidity of the conjugate acid of the nucleophile; a lower value indicates a stronger acid. - **k (Second Order Rate Constant)**: The rate constant for the nucleophilic substitution reaction. A higher value indicates a faster reaction rate.
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