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internal energy of the system is expected to increase/ decrease Sign and symbol Heat (q) is introduced into the system from the surroundings Heat (q) is removed from the system into the surroundings Work is done by the system on the surroundings work is done on the system by the surroundings

internal energy of the system is expected to increase/ decrease Sign and symbol Heat (q) is introduced into the system from the surroundings Heat (q) is removed from the system into the surroundings Work is done by the system on the surroundings work is done on the system by the surroundings

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Table: Effects of Heat and Work on System's Internal Energy** | Description | Internal Energy of the System is Expected to Increase/Decrease | Sign and Symbol | |------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------| | Heat (q) is introduced into the system from the surroundings | Increase | +q | | Heat (q) is removed from the system into the surroundings | Decrease | -q | | Work is done by the system on the surroundings | Decrease | -w | | Work is done on the system by the surroundings | Increase | +w | **Explanation:** The table above explains how different processes involving heat and work affect the internal energy of a system. It uses common conventions: - "Heat (q) is introduced": Heat entering a system increases its internal energy. - "Heat (q) is removed": Heat leaving a system decreases its internal energy. - "Work is done by the system": When a system does work, it uses energy, thereby reducing its internal energy. - "Work is done on the system": When work is done on a system, energy is transferred to it, increasing its internal energy. The corresponding signs and symbols (+ or -) are used to indicate whether the internal energy increases or decreases.
Transcribed Image Text:**Table: Effects of Heat and Work on System's Internal Energy** | Description | Internal Energy of the System is Expected to Increase/Decrease | Sign and Symbol | |------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------| | Heat (q) is introduced into the system from the surroundings | Increase | +q | | Heat (q) is removed from the system into the surroundings | Decrease | -q | | Work is done by the system on the surroundings | Decrease | -w | | Work is done on the system by the surroundings | Increase | +w | **Explanation:** The table above explains how different processes involving heat and work affect the internal energy of a system. It uses common conventions: - "Heat (q) is introduced": Heat entering a system increases its internal energy. - "Heat (q) is removed": Heat leaving a system decreases its internal energy. - "Work is done by the system": When a system does work, it uses energy, thereby reducing its internal energy. - "Work is done on the system": When work is done on a system, energy is transferred to it, increasing its internal energy. The corresponding signs and symbols (+ or -) are used to indicate whether the internal energy increases or decreases.
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