Indicate whether each of the following statements about the pentose phosphate pathway is true or false : • This pathway generates NADPH for the cell anabolism ( Select ] • The reactions of this pathway occur inside the cytosol (Select ] • This pathway can become a potential shunt of the citric acid cycle [ Select ] • Part of this pathway consists in the interconversion of phosphate sugars using transaldolases and transketolases enzymes [ Select ] • One possible role of this pathway is to convert an excess of ribose-5-phosphate into glycolytic intermediates (Select ]

Indicate whether each of the following statements about the pentose phosphate pathway is true or false : • This pathway generates NADPH for the cell anabolism ( Select ] • The reactions of this pathway occur inside the cytosol (Select ] • This pathway can become a potential shunt of the citric acid cycle [ Select ] • Part of this pathway consists in the interconversion of phosphate sugars using transaldolases and transketolases enzymes [ Select ] • One possible role of this pathway is to convert an excess of ribose-5-phosphate into glycolytic intermediates (Select ]

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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● 1.) Draw out the pathway for the biosynthesis of the following glycerophospholipid starting with choline, glycerol and the component fatty acids as it occurs in the liver tissue. Show the structures of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes. What is the name of the phospholipid? Us jure O • DISM 91 3.C6H3 UG OSEMSA QE F CH₂ CABJAD C-H H H₂C-O-P-0- ACELOj Pro ! H₂ C 212 32 CH3 f H3C -N-CH3
Identify different types of organic reaction mechanims in the followingmetabolic pathways.1. Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA2.Citric acid cycle3. Gluconeogensis pathway (pyruvate to glucose)
Propose a pathway for the following compound to enter gluconeogenesis / glycolysis. In your pathway, include enzymes (you can use E1, E2, etc.) as well as any necessary cofactors.
please answer the following:
Regarding cellular metabolism, mark the true statements: (a). Electrons from the oxidation of glycolysis are transferred to O2 in the TCA cycle (b).Flow in the citric acid cycle increases when the intracellular ratio [NADH/NAD+] is high (c).In microbial cells, the glyoxylate pathway indirectly allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose (d).Anaplerotic reactions are enzymatic reactions whose kinetics do not follow the Michaelis-Menten model. (e).Gluconeogenesis is the pathway of glucose production from different precursors, such as glycerol, some amino acids and lactate
Describe redox reactions involved in the three steps of aerobic cellular respiration under the following topics: 1. Description of the two coenzymes NAD and FAD and link them to each enzyme in glycolysis; pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle using the backpack analogy that I described in class. (20%) 2. Describe energy harvesting of the electrons and hydrogens carried by the coenzymes in the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis using the battery analogy I described in class. (20%) 3. Describe the steps of DNA replication in bacteria as shown in our slides emphasizing the need for the Okazaki fragments (20%) 4. Describe RNA transcription emphasizing the two strands of DNA and the orientation of mRNA (20%) 5. Describe mRNA translation emphasizing the role of ribosomes and tRNA for two amino acids (20%)
Propose a pathway for the following compound to enter gluconeogenesis / glycolysis. In your pathway, include enzymes (you can use E1, E2, etc.) as well as any necessary cofactors. HO H
1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH; is formed along with the number. > Acetyl ÇoA > Glucose. > Pyruvate. > Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate > Glucose – 6- phosphate. > Phosphoenol – pyruvate. > 1,3– Bisphosphoglycerate. > Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6– phosphate > Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. Dihydroacetone – phosphate.
1) In aerobic conditions in animal cells, oxidative decarboxyliation release CO2 by eliminating the methyl (—CH3) group. : True / False 2) All enzymes of the cycle are located in the cytoplasm, except succinate dehydrogenase, which is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane: True / False 3) Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. In the presence of malonate, one would expect succinate to accumulate: True / False
The following incorrect description of the HMS path is () A, 6-P-glucose can be converted into pentose phosphate through this pathway B. Four-carbon and seven-carbon sugars can be provided through this route C. For every mole of carbon dioxide produced when 6-P-glucose is converted to pentose phosphate, it also produces 1 mole of NADPH D, 6-P-glucose is decomposed in this way without consumption of ATP Among the following enzyme-catalyzed reactions that can generate substrate level phosphorylation to generate GTP are () A, hexokinase B, enolase C, succinate thiokinase D, succinate dehydrogenase The limiting factor of fatty acid synthesis in cell fluid is (). A, condensation enzyme B, hydration enzyme C, lipoacyl group transferase D, acetyl-CoA carboxylase Which of the following amino acids is an essential amino acid? () A.Thr B.Lys C.Met D.Arg
After pyruvate is formed, it must either be converted to another molecule to enter the citric acid cycle and ultimately produce ATP by utilizing the electron-transport chain, or go through alternate pathways to produce NAD Identify the products formed in the pathway of pyruvate and indicate whether NADH+H or NAD are produced under aerobic and anaerobic respiration Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Alcohol (ethanol) Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Acetyl coenzyme A Normal cell Yeast Lactate NAD+ produced NADH+H* produced Submit End products NAD*/ NADH+H* Previous Answers Request Answer Group 1 Group 2 Exercising Muscle Lactate Group 2 Group 1 Group 2
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