. In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate that impaired mitochondrial function contributes to some of the mentioned diseases. Which metabolites can potentially accumulate when complex I of the electron transport chain is defective? Use Fig 1 for guidance. Pyruvate oxidativedecarboxylationAlcohol metabolismGlycolysisGAPDHLactic acid fermentationERGlucosePyruvate LDHE LactateLactate oxidation(Cori cycle)GluconeogenesisOAAEthanolMDHADHMalateD5D/PUFA D6DPUFA desaturationHUFAAcetaldehydeCytosolAcetaldehydeALDHETCNADHPyruvatePDCIMSNAD*AcetateAcetyl-CoACyt cyHADHADP + POAA-MOHMalateB-oxidation Acyl-COAATPIDHTCA cycleKGDHMitochondrial matrix

In the electron transport chain, there are five major protein complexes distributed in the inner…

In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate that impaired mitochondrial function contributes to some of the mentioned diseases. Which metabolites can potentially accumulate when complex I of the electron transport chain is defective?

In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate that impaired mitochondrial function contributes to some of the mentioned diseases. Which metabolites can potentially accumulate when complex I of the electron transport chain is defective?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter18: Glycolysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9P: Comparing Glycolysis Entry Points for Sucrose Sucrose can enter glycolysis by either of two routes:...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Which of the following is true of metabolism? A. Degradative reactions require an input of energy.…

A: The interconnected reactions in the cell are called metabolism. The chemical reactions result in the…

Q: Which of the following statements is correct about oxidative pentose phosphate pathway? Group of…

A: Oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: . This is the first phase in pentose phosphate pathway in which…

Q: During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force that is generated by electron transport is…

A: Ans- During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force that is generated by electron…

Q: Complex II proteins are present in both Arabidopsis and Viscum. However, the amount of ATP produced…

A: There are 4 types of complex proteins (complex I to IV). The amount of ATP produced by this complex…

Q: Assume you have a solution containing the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and all the enzymes of the…

A: The citric acid cycle is also known as the Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle, a part of cellular…

Q: Briefly, explain why the transfer of electrons from NADH to the ETC results in the production of…

A: Electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein structures and other molecules that transmit…

Q: A central tenet in mitochondrial bioenergetics is that exergonic electron transfer drives the…

A: ETC is series of steps that carry the transport of electron from electron donors NADH to electron…

Q: How is the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM) different from the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane (OMM)…

A: A mitochondrion is a double-membrane bound organelle, present in a eukaryotic cell. Mitochondria act…

Q: Calculate the number of usable ATP molecules produced per pair of electrons transferred from NADH to…

A: The reduced coenzymes like NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) store the energy released during…

Q: The coenzyme NAD+ or NADH has the following characteristics (Choose all that apply) O oxidizes…

A: NAD+ and NADH are coenzymes that are commonly used for redox reaction sin biochemistry.…

Q: How is a gradient of H+ ions formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane? The electron transport…

A: The cells require energy to perform various functions. The energy is provided in the form of ATP.…

Q: Pioglitazone, a drug used to treat diabetes, causes some membrane-embedded portions of mitochondrial…

A: Complex I is the largest multi-subunit complex of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain (MRC), that causes…

Q: Chambers and coworkers have reported [NAD+] and [NADH] concentrations in yeast mitochondria as 20 mM…

A: Gibbs free energy(∆G) is the amount of energy available to a system to do useful work. Standard…

Q: All of the following are generated directly during the Krebs (TCA) cycle except? a. ATP b. GTP c.…

Q: The above reaction (FADH2 donating its electrons to the electron transport chain) takes place in…

A: Introduction In an electron transport chain, electrons move from one complex to another complex…

Q: Referring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does. Electron-transport…

A: The electron transport chain is a combination of four protein complexes that connect redox processes…

Q: The primary purpose of the malate-aspartate shuttle is Choose one: O To move electrons from NADH in…

A: In eukaryotes, the malate-aspartate shuttle is a biochemical mechanism that transports electrons…

Q: In eukaryotic cells, the TCA/citric acid/Kreb's cycle happens in the _______ , while the electron…

A: Kreb cycle: It is a series of chemical reactions that help generate energy, where acetyl CoA-…

Q: Match the stage of cellular respiration to the correct location. options: Mitochondrial matrix…

A: Mitochondria A double membranous organelle that help in production of ATP molecules.

Q: Leigh syndrome is characterized by psychomotor regression: that is, the progressive loss of mental…

A: The mutation is sudden change occurs in genetic material like DNA. Mitochondria are known as a…

Q: s the statement during fatty acid biosynthesis, NADH is used as the reducing equivalent in the…

Q: Discuss in detail how the chemical energy contained within pyruvate is used to produce adenosine…

A: The chemical energy contained within pyruvate is used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in…

Q: Assume you have a solution containing the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and all the enzymes of the…

A: The Citric acid cycle, or the Tri-carboxylic acid cycle is commonly known as the Kreb's cycle, which…

Q: All of the following are shown in the Q cycle of the Complex III, except: a. That electrons are…

A: In the Q cycle of Complex III, QH2 donates that electrons, cytochrome c is the electron acceptor,…

Q: Consider the malate dehydrogenase reaction, part of tricarboxylic acid cycle, shown below. malate +…

A: First will put all the values we have Malate = 0.5mM Oxalate= 0.1μM H+ = ? ∆Go = 29.7 KJ/mol NAD+ =…

Q: Consider the malate dehydrogenase reaction, part of tricarboxylic acid cycle, shown below. malate +…

A: Malate dehydrogenase is a catalytic enzyme that catalyses the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate…

Q: An essential characteristic of the malate-aspartate electron shuttle is that? A. it is a…

A: The electrons are exchanged between organelles using shuttle systems. Glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle,…

Q: In the presence of oxygen, the mitochondrion in yeast is used for aerobic respiration,however, under…

A: Mitochondria are organelles that can be found in the great majority of eukaryotes. They are the…

Q: When NADH and FADH2 are oxidized by the proteins in the electron transport chain, A) protons are…

A: Electron transport chain is mechanism which takes the electrons from the electron donor and gives to…

Q: Which of the following components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the only one to…

A: The electron transport chain is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors…

Q: Which statements below reflect differences between the electron transport chain (ETC) that operates…

A: Electron Transport Chain consists of a series of protein complexes through which transfer of an…

Q: hoose the conditions when PDH is activated. a) acetyl CoA/CoA ratio is high b) NAD+/NADH ratio is…

A: PDH is a regulatory enzyme situated in inner mitrochondrial membrane which is comprise of three…

Q: Suppose you are planning experiments to measure oxygen consumption in a preparation of inverted…

A: Given: NADH and succinate are substrates that can be oxidized and will consume oxygen. Rotenone and…

Q: Describe the impact of each of the following on cellular respiration 1. A mutation in ubiquinone…

A: Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules,…

Q: Assume that 2.5 ATPs are generated per NADH and 1.5 ATPs per FADH2. How many ATPs are generated from…

A: Beta oxidation is a catabolic pathway in which fatty acids are broken down to acetyl-coA. This…

Q: Two pathways that yield NADPH in the cytosol, needed for fatty acid biosynthesis, are: (1) (2)

A: Since there are multiple questions and which question is to be solved has not been specified, as per…

Q: Which of the following moves proteins across the outer mitochondrial membrane? SAM complex? TOM…

A: Mitochondria are cell organelles that produce the chemical energy required to power the biochemical…

Q: Which complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain accepts electrons directly from NADH…

A: The Electron transport chain involves a chain of electron transporters that goes through redox…

Q: Under typical conditions, how many protons are pumped across the mitochondrial intermembrane for…

A: NADH is the electron carrier that transfers electrons to complex 1 in respiratory chain . In…

Q: Which complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain accepts electrons directly from NADH…

A: All the living organisms require energy to conduct proper functioning. The energy is obtained…

Q: Consider a gene in the mitochondrial genome that codes for a channel protein in the inner membrane…

A: Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the chemical energy needed to…

Q: What happens as electrons move down the electron transport chain? A. their energy is used to pump…

A: Two electron sequentially release from two molecule of reduced cytochrome c together with two proton…

Q: The Fo subunit of the ATP synthase is present in the ______ while the F1 subunit is in the ____.…

A: The ATP synthase is described as a mitochondrial enzyme that is localized in the inner membrane.…

Q: Fill in the bold using the table. Because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to L,…

A: Acetyl-CoA is produced by the breakdown of both carbohydrates and lipids. It then enters the citric…

Q: Make a rough drawing of the ATP synthase machinery within the mitochondrial membrane and…

A: F1F0-ATP synthase helps in synthesis of ATP in mitochondria. Proton influx into cytoplasm of…

Q: In eukaryotes, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA A) in the cellular cytosol. B) during passage…

A: Pyruvate is a three carbon compound which is converted into acetyl CoA, a two- carbon molecule which…

Q: Which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a.The formation of water aids in…

A: Here the false statement is :Every protein complex in the electron transport chain is involved in…

Q: Oxidation of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport system are similar in that: (READ THESE ANSWER…

A: The electron transport chain is a group of protein complexes that use redox reactions to transfer…

Q: Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Include…

A: Mitochondrial beta oxidation is an aerobic process. oxidation of acyl CoA derivatives catalysed by…

Concept explainers

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.

Question

. In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results
indicate that impaired mitochondrial function contributes to some of the mentioned
diseases. Which metabolites can potentially accumulate when complex I of the
electron transport chain is defective? Use Fig 1 for guidance.

Pyruvate oxidative
decarboxylation
Alcohol metabolism
Glycolysis
GAPDH
Lactic acid fermentation
ER
Glucose
Pyruvate LDHE Lactate
Lactate oxidation
(Cori cycle)
Gluconeogenesis
OAA
Ethanol
MDH
ADH
Malate
D5D/
PUFA D6D
PUFA desaturation
HUFA
Acetaldehyde
Cytosol
Acetaldehyde
ALDH
ETC
NADH
Pyruvate
PDC
IMS
NAD*
Acetate
Acetyl-CoA
Cyt cy
HADH
ADP + P
OAA-
MOH
Malate
B-oxidation Acyl-COA
ATP
IDH
TCA cycle
KGDH
Mitochondrial matrix

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Handwritten Identify the molecule names, enzyme name, enzyme classification and change in reaction(for glycolysis pathway)
Comparing Glycolysis Entry Points for Sucrose Sucrose can enter glycolysis by either of two routes: Sucrose phosphorylase: Sucrose + Pi fructose + glucose-1-phosphate Invertase: Sucrose + H20 fructose + glucose Would either of these reactions offer Jin advantage over the other In the preparation of hexoses fur entry into glycolysis?
C-CH2 + H* CO, + CH,-C-S-COA S-COA Malonyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Hydrolase Transferase Lyase Ligase
asap
is considered part of aeroof metall *Give an example, taken from digestion, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis or the citric acid cycle of each of the following regulatory mechanisms o for metabolic pathways: feedback inhibition complementary control dividos dje16390solexo to etnuoms pritsuse to 29 dj n geb Isblomple s ewora' euealt Jused pig mort заsdjn -lygiosue nadw.woled awode as Ao02-Iyjobs to no nave asmosed bas dpi od of ejtine evius en a wod nislqxe anoissv19edo 9e9dd to aiasd odd allosterism dw.eesdJnye staadio to yjivijos 9d Sefovo bios bijis 9d 90 10 9361 9dJ 101пoo 9161315 1 00 odd n bobbs ei Ao no .Isbiomph esislupex A00 to noijslupei 101 Isapia adsinqoqqs n eesdaye 9J61Jio 30 noiislupe1 sd 290 to m Soveeld Jised piq ni noijsliqas W hormonal activity Ad-Pantaops zymogen-active enzyme conversion phosphorylation or dephosphorylation Vis din
Metabolism processes that generate fadh2 are select all that apply beta oxidation gluconeogenesis fatty acid synthesis glycolysis krebs cycle pdh eelctron transport chain
HANDOUT C Glucose-6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase and TPI Deficiencies Glucose-6-P GSH + GSH Reduced glutathione 2 H+ NADP+ H₂O₂ Hydrogen peroxide Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Superoxide radical NADPH + H+ 6-Phosphogluconolactone GSSG Glutathione Oxidized reductase Glutathione peroxidase Aerobic respiration, drugs, fava beans glutathione 2 H₂O Detoxification SOD: superoxide dismutase GPx: glutathione peroxidase HK: hexokinase GSSG and GSH: glutathione, oxidized and reduced forms, respectively CAT: catalase The diagram above gives important details about the HMP shunt. Superoxides/free radicals dis- rupt membrane lipids, causing changes in membrane permeability. The HMP shunt is expressed in liver cells, red blood cells, and in lipid-producing tissues. 1. Discuss how glycolysis is affected in G6PD patients, using the diagrams to explain your response. 2. How does this effect differ from TPI patients? 3. Why are red blood cells, but not the nervous system, affected in G6PD patients?
WHERE in the cell the reaction occurs? WHY the reaction occurs (in a general sense; Why does the cell do this?) HOW the reactions occur (in a general sense; not all the details- just a couple sentences) VISUALLY could you recognize images of any of these reactions?
1) Tabulate the differences and/ or similarities of the different kinds of coenzymes and cofactors. Structure Source ATP SAM COA Retinal THF- tetrahydrofolate Vitamin K NAD, NADP FMN, FAD TPP PLP Adenosylcobalamin methylcobalamin and Function/ Role/ Importance
Why is it important that gluconeogenesis is not the exactreverse of glycolysis?
Are there any alternatives or body Event What happens when Oxygen is present What happens when Oxygen is absent mechanism to resolve it? Explain Glycolysis OH Pyruvate HC-H c-c-C-H C-C-C-H OH Glycolysis он c-c-C-H of OH 6 OH 2D 2 NADH Pyruvate Glucose www.google.com/search?q=picture+of+glycolysis Acetyl CoA Krebs FAD Cycle FADH NADHH ATP co. Single cycle: 2. co, : 1 ATP : 1 FADH, : 3* NADH + H Two cycles: 4 co, 2ATP 2 FADH, : 6- NADH H https://www.google.com/search?q=picture+of+krebs+cycle Electron Transport Chain Ireerm e spae Cnplen coa Conples N Complex Cyt Fel NADH MAD Suoule Fmu ATP synthase 120, Maru Erzyme compexen of the electron transport ehala ADP P. ATP .ttps://www.google.com/search?q=PICTURE+OF+ELECTRO N+TRANSPORT+CHAIN
What glycolytic intermediate is fructose converted to in the muscle, such that it can be utilized in glycolysis? Glucose 6-phosphate Fructose 6-phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate