In the antibody-mediated immune response, the binding of some antigen-presenting cells to helper T cells initiates a signal transduction pathway that transforms the B cells into plasma cells, which will synthesize and secrete large quantities of antibodies-a specialized subset of proteins responsible for attaching to the antigen on the outer surface of pathogens. Which of the following describes the most relevant intracellular change to B cells as they are transformed into plasma cells? A B с D an increase in the surface area of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in order to allow the binding of a large number of ribosomes for antibody synthesis a breakdown of some membrane-bound proteins to allow synthesized antibodies to more readily diffuse across the membrane of the plasma cell an increase in the number of lysosomes in order to facilitate the storage of synthesized antibodies ahead of their transport out of the cell an increase in the volume of the mitochondria in order to increase the rate of ATP pro- duction that will power antibody synthesis

Q: Immature B-cells express only IgM on its membrane, and if it encounters antigen the IgM will be…

A: Switch Recombination:- It is a process in immune system where B-cells changes the class of…

Q: What is meant by the term “affinity maturation” and what is its significance in the human immune…

A: The Immune System is made up of many types of cells and chemicals that defend our bodies against…

Q: What is the two types of cells that result from activation of B and T cells?

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Q: Explain the multifaceted role of interferons as first responders to viral infection: What types of…

A: Introduction: - interferons usually belongs to the glycoproteins of low molecular weight. These…

Q: Why is a cell-mediated immune response more effective against intracellular microorganisms (such as…

A: The objective of the question is to understand why a cell-mediated immune response is more effective…

Q: The MARCH-1 E3-ubiquitin ligase is expressed in B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. The…

A: Pathogens have evolved various mechanisms to evade the host immune system. One such mechanism is to…

Q: Different classes of immunoglobulins are distinguished by the structure of their heavy chain…

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Q: The white blood cells known as T lymphocytes respond to antigens thatbind specifi cally to the T…

A: The TCR (T-cell receptor) is a heterodimer composed of two transmembrane protein subunits called α…

Q: Diagram an IgG molecule and label (a) the Fc region and (b) the areas that combine with antigen.

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Q: Describe the roles that phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and plasma proteins such as complement…

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Q: The following events occur in humoral immunity, leading to an activated B cell in a T dependent…

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Q: In general terms, what role do cytokines play in the development of immunity? How does this compare…

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A: Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

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Q: TCRs versus antibodies, the overall domain organization of the TCR is not the same as for an…

A: Antibodies bind to a different types of antigenic shapes while TCRs only recognise  antigenic…

Q: What kind(s) of intermolecular interactions could be involved in the binding between an antibody and…

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A:

Q: Why is the response to T-independent antigens important medically?

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Q: Name the 4 types of T cells and give the function of each one. (note: Suppressor T cell is also…

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Q: Do T cells bear a cell-surface receptor capable of recognizing a specific antigen?

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Q: high

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Q: Which proteins involved in the activation of T cells have the capacity for transduction without the…

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Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.